• Aug 30 Introductions and goals of the course
  
  
• Sept 1 Culture? Geertz, Clifford. 1966. "The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man," in his The Interpretation of Cultures . (21 pp).  In bookstore, on book reserve, ereserve.
  

These are some important terms either the readings or discussions will raise. Keep an eye out for them as you take notes and participate in discussions.

• determinism
• reductionism
• ethnocentrism
• epistemology

Geertz, Impact of Concept of Culture, 1966

• Culture (vs. Nature)
• Universal (vs. Particular, local, conventional)
• uniformitarian view
• cultural relativism vs. cultural evolutionism
• stratigraphic approach (vs. Synthetic approach)
• dualism
• generalization
• plasticity

Click these for Biographical Information on this Week's Theorists

Clifford Geertz (1926-)
Geertz' autobiographical essay: "A Life of Learning"
(Scroll down to essay no. 45)

Clifford Geertz (1926-)
Wikipedia online encylopedia bio

If This Topic Intrigues You, Check Out These Other Sources!

Abu-Lhughod, Lila. 1991. "Writing Against Culture," in Richard Fox, Ed., Recapturing Anthropology. On book reserve.

Brightman, Robert. "Forget Culture: Replacement, Transcendence, Relexification" in Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 10, No. 4. (Nov., 1995), pp. 509-546.

Daniel, E. Valentine. 1996. "Crushed Glass: a Counterpoint to Culture," in Charred Lullabies, Princeton: Princeton University Pres, 1996.

Duranti, Alessandro. "Theories of Culture," in Linguistic Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Fabian, Johannes. 1990. "Presence and Representation: The Other and Anthropological Writing," in Critical Inquiry (summer): 753-771.

Hannerz, Ulf. 1996. "When Culture is Everywhere: Reflections on a Favorite Concept," inTransnational Connections. New York: Routledge, pp 30-43.

Williams, Raymond. Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society. (Revised Edition). New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. In library.

Sahlins, Marshall. 1999. "Two or Three Things that I Know about Culture," The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute Vol. 5, No. 3 (Sep., 1999), pp. 399-421.

Sapir, Edward. The Psychology of Culture. Chapters on the term "culture", causes, patterning, development of culture.

Sapir, Edward. 1924. "Culture: Genuine and Spurious", reprinted in in Edward Sapir: Selected Writings in Language, Culture, and Personality.

.

Check these links out for further information on this week's topics!

Use these links as quick references and contextualizing material. To really delve, you need to print and read all essays, or go look at books and articles in Further Readings.

Remember that materials on the web MUST be evaluated as critically as any other texts we consider in this course. For brief guidelines on thinking critically about the web, click HERE.

• http://www.wsu.edu/gened/learn-modules/top_culture/culture-index.html
  Washington State University's What is Culture site; links to definitions and debates about the term in Anthropology and popular media in the U.S.
  
  
• http://www.oakland.edu/~dow/personal/papers/theory/ctoc2.htm
  James Dow's essay on the debates in anthropology over the concept of culture and the place of science in anthropology. One type of response to Geertz' arguments in his "Impact of the Concept of Culture" article.

• Sept. 6 Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. 1991. "Anthropology and the Savage Slot," in Fox, ed., Recapturing Anthropology: Working in the Present. Santa Fe: SAR press. (23 pp) Ereserve and book reserve.
  
  Basso, Keith. 1979. Portraits of the Whiteman. Foreward by Dell Hymes, (pp. ix-xvi), Ch.s 1-2 pp. 1-33, Bookstore and book reserve.
  
  
• Sept. 8 Basso, Keith. 1979. Portraits of the Whiteman. Ch.s 3-5; Appendix, pp. 83-94 (49pp). Bookstore and book reserve.

Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. Anthropology and the Savage Slot: The Poetics and Politics of Otherness," 1991

• historicization
• discipline
• savage slot
• savage vs. utopia
• reflexivity
• postmodernism
• metanarrative
• thematic field
• thematic correspondence
• order
• historical subject

Basso, Keith. Portraits of the Whiteman. Foreward by Dell Hymes, (pp. ix-xvi), Ch.s 1-2 pp. 1-33

Hymes Forword

• enactment
• contextualization of discourse
• metalanguage

  Basso

• cultural constructions
• functional differentiation (of languages)
• codeswitching
• metacommunication
• frame
• foregrounding

Basso, Keith. Portraits of the Whiteman. Ch.s 3-4

• frame
• foregrounding
• primary text
• secondary text
• epitomization
• contrast
• distortion
• comparison
• censure

• Michel-Rolph Trouillot
  Trouillot's page at the University of Chicago.
  
  
• "Theorizing a Global Perspective: a Conversation with Michel-Rolph Trouillot"
  Crosscurrents in culture, power and history, Fall 1996, Volume IV, Number 1, Newsletter of the Institute of Global Studies at Johns Hopkins
  
  
• Keith Basso (Indigenous Knowledge Commons)

Video:

Charlie Hill on the Richard Pryor Show, 1977

1st American Indian Comedy Slam, "No Reservations Needed,", 2009 (Showtime, 2009)

Native American Comedy Compilation (interesting analysis by Daniel Liddle)

Readings:

Asad, Talal, ed. Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter. Humanities Pres, 1973.

Bashkow, Ira The meaning of whitemen : race and modernity in the Orokaiva cultural world. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2006.

Basso, Keith. Wisdom sits in places : landscape and language among the Western Apache. Albuquerque : University of New Mexico Press, c1996.

Clifford, James and George Marcus. Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.

Marcus, George and Michael Fischer, eds., Anthropology as Cultural Critique: An Experimental Moment in the Human Sciences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.

Marcus, George, ed. Critical Anthropology Now: Unexpected Contexts, Shifting Constituencies, Changing Agendas. Santa Fe: School for American Research, 1999.

Mascia-Lees. "The Postmodern Turn in Anthropology: Cautions from a Feminist Perspective," Signs 15(1), 1989.

Said, Edward. Orientalism. Vintage Press, 1978

Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. 2003 Global Transformations: Anthropology and the Modern World. New York: Palgrave/St. Martin's/ Macmillan.

White Mountain Apache Tribe
The reservation in Arizona Basso refers to as Fort Apache is now called the White Mountain Apache Tribe reservation. This is the tribe's official website.

White Mountain Apache Tribe History
The tribe's own account of its history.

Maps of Arizona Reservations

White Mountain Apache Tribe History: Issues in Language Shift, Textbook Development, and Native Speaker-University Collaboration
2010 MA thesis by a White Mountain Apache scholar Bernadette Adley-SantaMaria discussing the phenomenon of increasing shift to use of English among younger Apaches.

• Sept. 13   Fabian, Johannes. 1983. "Time and the Emerging Other," Time and The Other: How Anthropology Makes its Object. New York: Columbia University Press. (35 pp). Ereserve, and book reserve.
  
  Lewis Henry Morgan. 1877. "Ancient Society" in High Points in Anthropology. (23 pp.) On book reserve (8 copies)
  
  Image: Two Different Notions of Spatialized Time in Morgan
  
  Images: Colonialism Map and World Fairs
  

• Sept. 15   Boas, Franz. 1896. "The Limitations of the Comparative Method of Anthropology," Race, Language and Culture, also in High Points. (15 pp). In bookstore, on Ereserve, book reserve.
  
  Malinowski, Bronislaw 1922. "Introduction: Subject, Method, and Scope of This Enquiry" in his Argonauts of the Western Pacific. (25 pp). In bookstore, on Ereserve, book reserve. (11 copies)
  
  Images: Evolutionist vs. Boasian Museum Exhibits
  

• Ethnocentrism
• Relativism
• Determinism
• Telos/Teleology

Fabian: Time and the Emerging Other, 1983

• the Other
• Time of Salvation
• universals
• Philosophical history
• Sermonizing history
• topos of travel
• secularization of time
• natural history
• uniformitarianism
• Geological Time/naturalized time
• evolutionism
• spatialized time
• the comparative method
• diffusionism
• synchronic vs. diachronic
• schizogenic use of time
• Physical time,
• Mundane time/typological time
• intersubjective time:
• coevalness and denial of coevalness
• temporal distancing
• allochronism
  

Morgan Ancient society 1877

• materialism
• Evolution
  
• Ethnical periods
  
• stages
  
• culture
  
• primitive
  
• savage
  
• barbarism
  
• civilization
• progress
  
• race
  
• property
  
• society
  
• state/political society
  
• History
  
• Aryan nations

Boas Limits of the Comparative Method 1896

• Culture
  
• Society
  
• History
  
• cause
  
• comparability
  
• Inductive method
  
• Historical method
  
• laws
  
• continuity of distribution
  
• diffusion
  

Malinowski, Introduction, Argonauts of the Western Pacific, 1922

• Ethnography
  
• Science
  
• direct observation vs. native interpretation
  
• concrete data
  
• native mentality
  
• Method of statistic documentation by concrete evidence
  
• imponderabilia of actual life

• Lewis Henry Morgan (1818-1881)
  
  
• Edward Tylor (1832-1917)
  Original obituary.
  
  
• Herbert Spencer (1820-1903)
  Spencer was a British philosopher and zoologist who coined the term "survival of the fittest".
  

• Franz Boas (1858-1942)
  
  
• Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942)

Maps are not only vital ways to contextualize the readings and theories in geographic and geopolitical space, but we must also see them as graphic illustrations of theories of culture in time and space. They are visual texts and thus must be analyzed critically and in historical context.

• Library of Congress Maps from European Age of Discovery
  Library of Congress digital map collections, 1500-2002. Great collection of maps from European age of discovery, zoomable to high resolution details, includes annotated map and details from 1562 Map of America by a Spanish explorer featured on this website!
  
  
• Maps in Colonialism
  Ryan Nock at Emory's nice brief illustrated site on Maps in Colonialism
  
  
• Early European Explorers' Maps of Baffin Island Region.
  This is the region Franz Boas did his early fieldwork among the Inuit. Great site on exploration of Canada.
  
  
• Papua New Guinea (Location of Trobriand Islands, home of Malinowski's major fieldwork).

Books and Articles (**=particularly recommended)

Robert Leonard Carneiro. Evolutionism in Cultural Anthropology: A Critical History. Westview Press. 2003. 322pp

Paul A. Erickson; Liam Donat Murphy. A History of Anthropological Theory. Broadview Press. 2003. 283pp. 2nd Edition.

Jack Goody. The Expansive Moment: The Rise of Social Anthropology in Britain and Africa, 1918-1970. Cambridge University Press. 1995. 235pp.

Alfred Cort Haddon; with Alison Hingston Quiggin. History of Anthropology. G. P. Putnam's Sons. 1910. 206pp.

Marvin Harris. The Rise of Anthropological Theory: A History of Theories of Culture. Routledge. 1968. 816pp.

Hoffman Reynolds Hays. From Ape to Angel: An Informal History of Social Anthropology. Knopf. 1958. 440pp.

**Jacknis, Ira. "Franz Boas and Exhibits: On the Limitations of the Museum Method of Anthropology," in George Stocking, ed, Ojects and Others, 1988. On article reserve.

Adam Kuper. Culture: The Anthropologists' Account. Harvard University Press. 1999. 299pp.

Adam Kuper. Among the Anthropologists: History and Context in Anthropology. Athlone Press. 1999. 214pp.

Ted C. Lewellen. The Anthropology of Globalization: Cultural Anthropology Enters the 21st Century. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2002. 282pp.

MacDougal, Doug. "The Visual in Anthropology," in Marcus Banks and Howard Murphy, eds., Rethinking Visual Anthropology, New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1997.

David Mills. Difficult Folk? A Political History of Social Anthropology. Berghahn Books. 2008. 232pp.

**Mitchell, Timothy, "The Exhibitionary Order", Nicholas Dirks, ed. Colonialism and Culture. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992.

Jerry D. Moore. Visions of Culture: An Introduction to Anthropological Theories and Theorists. Rowman Altamira. 2004. 379pp. Revised edition.

Nigel Rapport. British Subjects: An Anthropology of Britain. Berg Publishers. 2002. 340pp.

Frank Spencer. A History of American Physical Anthropology, 1930-1980. Academic Press. 1982. 495pp.

**Stocking, George, ed. Objects and Others: Essays on Museums and Material Culture.

**George W. Stocking, Jr. (editor). Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology. University of Chicago Press. 1982. 380pp.

**George W. Stocking. After Tylor: British Social Anthropology, 1888-1951. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. 1995. 570pp.

**Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. 1991. "Anthropology and the Savage Slot," Fox, ed., Recapturing Anthropology. 1 copy on book reserve.

James Urry (editor). Before Social Anthropology: Essays on the History of British Anthropology. Harwood Academic Publishers. 1993. 174pp.

Early Review of Tylor's Primitve Culture.
Alfred Wallace reviewed Tylor's book in 1872. Full-text on-line.

Films

Popular representations of Anthropological methods

• Avatar (2009): Protagonist Jake gets inculcated into both anthropological methods and Navi culture (clip one).

Strangers Abroad Series. All on reserve in Film and Video Library. All about 50 mins. Great old footage of these guys at work, interviews with locals who remember them, information on ethnography of the communities they worked in.

• William Rivers: Everything is Relative
• Sir Walter Baldwin Spencer: Fieldwork
• Franz Boas: The Shackles of Tradition
• Bronislaw Malinowski: Off The Verandah

History

• History of Explorers
  Andre Engels' nice site gathering info. on int'l explorers, including non-western ones.
  
  
• History of American Expansion
  Library of Congress' American Memory collections; Westward by Sea: a Maritime Perspective on American Expansion, 1820-1890
  
  
• Fordham's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Imperialism
  
  
• Fordham's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: 19C Britian
  
  
• Fordham's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Indust. Rev. II
  
  
• Fordham's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: 19C US Culture
  
  
• Fordham's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: American Civil War

Early Anthropology and the Politics of Representation and Display

• American Museum of Natural History
  timeline for American Museum of Natural history where Boas was director
  
  
• Boas and Film
  Full-text of Jay Ruby's essay on Boas' use of cameras and film in ethnography
  
  
• The World Fairs
  California State University Library, Donald Larson collection on World fairs
  
  
• The 1893 Chicago World Fair
  Interactive guide to 1893 Chicago exhibition

Top

Film Screening: Race: the Power of an Illusion (PBS, 2003), Episode 1: The Difference Between Us (56 min), Film library screening room reserved Sun-Tues Sept 18-21, 4:30-7:30.

• Sept. 20   Boas, Franz. 1932. "The Aims of Anthropological Research," in Race, Language and Culture, 1948 (1932). (16pp.) In bookstore, on book reserve, ereserve.
  
  Boas, Franz. 1931. "Race and Progress," in Race, Language and Culture, 1948 (1931) (14 pp.). In bookstore, and on book reserve, also available on-line: http://www.southwestern.edu/~greenmue/boas.htm
  

• Sept. 22   Sapir, Edward. 1927. "The Unconscious Patterning of Behavior in Society," (15 pp.) and 1938. "Why Cultural Anthropology Needs the Pyschiatrist" (8 pp) in Edward Sapir: Selected Writings in Language, Culture, and Personality, in bookstore (a few copies), on book reserve, ereserve.

Paper One Due, Friday Sept. 23, 5 pm, at my office (312 Vollum)

Robert Lowie: Culture, Kinship and Indians (1930s)

• Sept. 27 Deloria, Vine, Jr. 1969. "Anthropologists and Other Friends," Custer Died for Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto. NY: Avon Books. On Ereserve, book reserve. (23 pp)
  
  Lowie, Robert, 1935. The Crow Indians. Intro, Chaps. 1-3. (~50 pp.) In bookstore, on book reserve
  
  
• Sept 29   (Charlene in England) In-class film
  • Film: Spirit of the Dawn. 1994, 29 mins.
  • Finish Lowie reading: Lowie, Robert, 1935. The Crow Indians. Chaps. 9,10,17. (~65 pp.) In bookstore, on book reserve
  
  Images: Crow Photos
  
  Images: Kinship Diagrams
  

• miscegenation
• reductionism
  
• determinism
  
• reify
  
• Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
• agency

Boas, Aims of Anthro. Research, 1932

• Race
  
• History
  
• Science (vs. "pseudo-science")
  
• culture
  
• society
  
• morphology
  
• genetic relation
  
• heredity
  
• parallel independent development
  
• genotype vs. phenotype
  
• environment
  
• bodily form vs. function
  
• individual experience
  
• diffusion (of culture traits)
  
• interdependence (of cultural phenomena)
  
• determinism
  
• integration of culture
  
• laws

Boas, Race and Progress, 1931

• Race
  
• traits
  
• racial heredity
  
• unity of descent
  
• intermixture
  
• biological degeneracy
  
• bodily form vs. function
  
• cultural environment
  
• race antagonism
  
• closed society
  
• racial consciousness

Sapir, Unconscious Patterning, 1927

• society
  
• social
  
• individual
  
• unconscious
  
• tradition
  
• culture pattern
  
• social/cultural behavior
  
• arbitrary modes of interpretation
  
• function vs. form
  
• intuition
  
• functional needs
  
• aesthetic
  
• relativity
  
• healthy unconsciousness
  

Sapir, Why Anthro. Needs Pyschiatrist, 1938

• individual
  
• ideal objectivity
  
• new tradition
  
• conditional necessity
  
• flexible fields of cultural patterning
  
• cultural
  
• pyschiatric/personalistic
  
• personality
  
• culture

Kinship

• affinal
  
• consanguineal
• descent group
  
• matrilineal
  
• patrilineal
  
• polygamy:
     -polygyny
     -polyandry

Lowie, The Crow Indians, 1935

• cultural diffusionism
  
• kinship/kin
  
• band
  
• clan
  
• rule of descent
  
• matrilineal
  
• marriage
  
• levirate
  
• exogamy/exogamous
  
• terms of address vs. terms of reference
  
• joking relatives
  
• tabooed relatives
  
• wife capture

• Franz Boas (1858-1942) New Yorker article, 2004.
  
  
• Edward Sapir (1884-1939) Darnell and Irvine bio.
  
  
• Robert Lowie (1883-1957) Radin obituary 1958.
  
  
• Vine Deloria, Jr. (1933-2005) Wikipedia
• Vine Deloria's last video interview (2005)

• The Indians in the United States
  From The Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd, 1923. Shows location of Crow territory. On-line at University of Texas Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, Historical Maps of the Americas.
  
  
• Rare Historical Maps of Westward Expansion in United States
  Rare map collection online at University of Georgia Hargrett Rare Map Library. Has old maps depicting Indian territories.
  
  
• Contemporary Crow Reservation
  Crow nation's own website.

Books and Articles

• Boas on the cover of Time Magazine, 1936.

• Stocking, George. "Franz Boas and the Culture Concept in Historical Perspective," Race, Culture and Evolution, New York: The Free Press, 1968. On article reserve.

• Claudia Roth Pierpont, Annals of Culture, “The Measure of America,” The New Yorker, March 8, 2004, p. 48. [Excellent in-depth article on the impact of Boas' work on race during the 1930s.]
  

• Handler, Richard. "Vigorous Male and Aspiring Female: Poetry, Personality, and Cuture in Edward Sapir and Ruth Benedict," Stocking, ed., Malinowski, Rivers, Benedict and Others: Essays on Culture and Personality, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1986.
  
  
• hooks, bell. "Saving Black Folk Culture: Zora Neale Hurston as Anthropologist and Writer," Yearning: Race, Gender and Cultural Politics On article reserve.
  
  
• Cole, Sally. 1995. "Women's Stories and Boasian Texts: The Ojibwa Ethnography of Ruth Landes and Maggie Wilson," Anthropologica 37: 3-25. On article reserve
  
  
• Deloria, Vine, Jr. 1969. "Anthropologists and Other Friends," Custer Died for Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto. NY: Avon Books. On article reserve.
  
  
• Rzeczkowski, Frank. "The Crow Indians and the Bozeman Trail", discusses Crow-White relations during the expansion of the U.S.
  http://www.his.state.mt.us/education/cirguides/transrzeczkowski.asp
  
  
• White, Richard. "It's your misfortune and none of my own" : a history of the American West, Norman : University of Oklahoma Press, c1991. (In Reed. lib.).

• Maynard, Eileen. 1974. The Growing Negative Image of the Anthropologist Among American Indians. Human Organization. Volume 33, Number 4 / Winter 1974. Response to Indian critics like Vine Deloria, calling for new roles for anthropologists.

• Anthropologists and Indians in the new South. 2001. Rachel A. Bonney, James Anthony Paredes, eds. Collection of essays by anthropologists discussing the altered relationship btw anthros and Indians after the civil rights movement.

Films

Strangers Abroad Series. All on reserve in Film and Video Library. All about 50 mins. Great old footage of these guys at work, interviews with locals who remember them, information on ethnography of the communities they worked in.

• Franz Boas: The Shackles of Tradition
• Margaret Mead: Coming of Age

Spirit of the Dawn. 1994, 29 mins.
This documentary traces the history of Indian education in the U.S. and the experience of the Crow Indians in Montana in particular. It features the work of 6th grade teacher Mick Fedullo, who uses poetry as a tool for Crow Indian students to express their cultural heritage. Includes archival footage.

History and Culture

• Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture
  Lots of good historical context on race in 19th c America especially sentimental representations
  
  
• PBS' Africans in the Americas series
  A generally good overview up to Civil War
  
  
• Josef Mengele's Racist Experiments at Auschwitz
  This essay from the Holocaust History archive describes the atrocities committed by Josef Mengele, a trained anthropologist and medical doctor on inmates at the Nazi concentration camp of Auschwitz in order to discern the hereditary bases of race.
• The 7 Most Racist Disney Characters
  
  
  
• Early Photos of Crow Indians
  Library of Congress American Memory History of the American West Collection; 100 great photos of Crow Indian life from the Denver public library. Search collection by "Crow Indians".
  
  
• The Crees of Northern Québec
  A great on-line ethnography and photographic essay by Norman Chance and Paul Conklin detailing the culture and history of an Indian group close to where Boas first worked.
  
  
• A Line in the Sand
  Excellent introduction to contemporary issues of culture and identity among Native Americans.
  
  
• Crow Indians Resources
  Good overview and resources from the Four Directions Institute of Native American Studies
  

Theorists' Sites

• Darnell and Irvine Bio. on Sapir
  very nice and comprehensive
  
  
• Sapir Bibliography
  Sapience: Brock University site on the selected works of Sapir.

• Boas in Time Magazine, 1936

Methods

• The Race Project
  The American Anthropological Association's traveling exhibit on race

• Race: The Power of an Illusion
  Companion website for PBS' 2003 documentary on race.

• On-line Kinship Analysis!
  Michael Fisher's anthro kinship site; Great introduction to importance of kinship in anthropology, basic terms and new kinship software

• On-line Interactive Kinship Tutorial
  Check out Brian Schwimmer's tutorial. This is a very accessible introduction to main kin terms, marriage systems, and ethnographic examples.
  
  
• Kinship Terminology Glossary!
  Michael Dean Murphy's helpful and comprehensive list of anthropological kinship terminology.

• Oct. 4 Durkheim, Emile 1912. Elementary Forms of Religious Life,New York: the Free Press, 1995 (1912). Fields translation (Do not use the Swain translation). In bookstore and on book reserve (9 copies). (Use Translator's Introduction as reference). pp. 1-18 (Intro.), pp. 33-44, pp. 99-149.

 

• Oct. 6  Durkheim, Emile 1912.Elementary Forms of Religious Life,New York: the Free Press, 1995 (1912). Fields translation (Do not use the Swain translation). In bookstore and on book reserve (9 copies), (Use Translator's Introduction as reference). pp. 207-241, pp. 418-448 (Conclusion)

 

meaning/signification
semiotics/semiology
sign
signifier and signified

Durkheim, Elementary Forms of Religious Life

• society (vs. individual)
• religion (vs. magic) (vs. science)
• totemism
• moral
• science
• real (vs. ideal, illusion)
• material (vs. immaterial)
• cause
• force
• concepts/categories
• collective representations
• genus/kind
• rites (vs. beliefs)
• cult
• sacred vs. profane
• symbol
• effervescence

• Emile Durkheim (1858-1917)
  Excerpt from Robert Alun Jones. Emile Durkheim: An Introduction to Four Major Works. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, Inc., 1986. Pp. 12-23.
  
  
• Emile Durkheim (1858-1917)
  Marxist.org's biography of Durkheim (scroll down to it), with links to other theorists.

• Map of French Administrative Regions
  Durkheim grew up in northeast France, near the German border. He worked in Bourdeaux and ended up in Paris.
  
  
• Map of French Colonies in Africa
  During Durkheim's lifetime France held colonies in Africa as well as elsewhere.
  
  
• Historical Maps of Australia
  The fieldwork on which Durkheim relied was primarily carried out there during a time of white expansion into the Australian outback.

TBA

History

• The Industrial Revolution
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Industrial Revolution, and Industrial Rv. II; links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses
  
  
• Nineteenth Century France
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: 19c France; links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses
  
  
• Photos from Early Anthro. Expeditions in Australia
  Durkheim relied heavily on the data collected by Spencer and Gillen, a pair of British explorers who worked among Australian aborigines in the 19th century. These are photos from one of their expeditions at the South Australian Museum.
  
  
• History of Australian Aborigines
  World History Archives, with links to history and contemporary situation of aborigines, their fight for land and rights in Australia.
  
  
• Australian History on the Internet
  Australian Govt. site; massive site with links to all aspects.
  

Theorists' Sites

• The Durkheim Pages
  Robert Alun Jones' The Durkheim Pages, Univ. of Illinois; includes glossary, full bibliography, many full text articles, reviews of recent Durkheimian work, summaries of main works
  
  
• Durkheim and Religion Bibliography
  Joel Elliot's annotated bibliography on Durkheim and religion
  
  
• Essay on Durkheim and Sociology of Religion
  Full-text excerpt from Lewis Coser on Durkheim and the sociology of religion
  

Methods

• Anthropology of Religion Overview
  Doug Padgett's site on the Anthropology of Religion; brief essay giving nice overview
  
  
• Anthro of Religion site
  AAA Anthro. of Religion's links site. Good collection of on-line resources on ritual and religion globally.

Totems and Tattoos

• Gang Ink Tattoo Database (online database of Chicago gang body art)

• MS 13 Gang Tattoo Family Vid (Youtube)

• Tattoo Designs: Native American motifs (online database of most popular tattoo designs among young white folks)

• Sports Tattoos (Sports Illustrated slide show)

Film Assignment: Trobriand Cricket, Film library screening room reserved Sun-Tues Oct. 9-11, 4:30-7:30

• Oct.11   Mauss, Marcel. 1925. The Gift. Foreward (by Mary Douglas), Introduction, ch.s 1, 2 and 4, with notes (~70 pp.). In bookstore, on book reserve.
• Oct. 13 Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1922. Argonauts of the Western Pacific, Chapters III and VI. (skim ch. II) (~70 pp.) In bookstore, on book reserve, Ereserve.

Paper Two or Theory Map Due, Friday, Oct. 14, 5 pm, paper at my office (312 Vollum); Theory Map by email.

Agency: the capacity to act socially and bring about social effects (applies to individual persons, collectivities, animals, things, deities, ancestors, etc.)

Marcel Mauss, The Gift, 1925

• Gift
  
• Value
  
• individual interest
  
• Total social phenomena/facts
  
• Method of exact comparison
  
• total services
  
• potlatch
  
• total services of an agonistic type
• Sacrifice
  
• Alms
  
• Polynesia:
  mana
  tonga vs. oloa
  property-as-talisman
  hau
  
• Melanesia:
  kula vs. gimwali
  vaygu'a
  mwali
  soulava
  wasi
  sagali
  
• American Northwest:
  potlatch
  credit
  honour/prestige
  counter-service
  3 Obligations: give, receive, reciprocate
  copper

Malinowski, Argonauts, 1922

• functionalism
• Method of Statistical Documentation by Concrete Evidence
• institution
• magic
• "primitive economic man"
• chief
• totemic clan
• matrilineal
• sorcery
• kula
• soulava
• mwali
• vaygu'a
• kula community
• value
• possession

• Marcel Mauss (1872-1950) Summary of Fournier's recent book
  
  
• Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942) Wikipedia

• Library of Congress Maps from European Age of Discovery
  Library of Congress digital map collections, 1500-2002. Great collection of maps from European age of discovery, zoomable to high resolution details, includes annotated map and details from 1562 Map of America by a Spanish explorer featured on this website!
  
  
• Maps in Colonialism
  Ryan Nock at Emory's nice brief illustrated site on Maps in Colonialism
  
  
• British Colonies in the Pacific
  Brief overview of British holdings in the Pacific region with simple map.
  
  
• Trobriand Kula Map
  Early map showing flow of goods through the islands
  
  
• Papua New Guinea
  Contemporary location of Trobriand Islands, home of Malinowski's major fieldwork.

Books and Articles

• George Stocking 1983. "The Ethnographer's Magic," in his The Ethnographer's Magic and Other Essays On article and book reserve.
  
  
• Weiner, Annette. 1979. "Trobriand Kinship from Another View: the Reproductive Power of Women and Men," in Man 14(2): 328-48. On article reserve and On-line on JSTOR.

• Annette B. Weiner. "Review of 'Trobriand Cricket,'" American Anthropologist 79(2):506-507 [1977]. [Lauds Leach's film but notes that it took place in the context of a local sociopolitical reform movement, and the game was staged for Leach's cameras].

• Weiner, Annette. 1978. "Epistemology and Ethnographic Reality: A Trobriand Island Case Study", American Anthropologist, Vol. 80, No. 3 (Sep., 1978), pp. 752-757. [includes critique and sociopolitical context for th making of Jerry Leach's film, "Trobriand Cricket'].
  
  
• Malinowski, Bronislaw. A diary in the strict sense of the term. On book reserve.

Films

Trobriand Cricket: An Ingenious Response to Colonialism
Award-winning 1979 documentary.

Strangers Abroad Series. All on reserve in Film and Video Library. All about 50 mins. Great old footage of these guys at work, interviews with locals who remember them, information on ethnography of the communities they worked in.

• Bronislaw Malinowski: Off The Verandah
  Great old footage of the Kula as well as footage of contemporary practices in the Trobriands.

History

• The Industrial Revolution
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Industrial Revolution, and Industrial Rv. II; links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses
  
  
• Nineteenth Century France
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: 19c France; links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses
  
  
• Papua New Guinea History
  PNG history at WWW Virtual Library. Links to all aspects.
  

Theorists' Sites

• Malinowski Online
  Vanderbilt Anthro. course site on Malinowski and the Kula, with photos of him with locals, links to images, map.
• La Revue du Mauss
  

Material Culture and Ritual

• Gifting and Feasting in Northwest Coast Potlatch
  On-line exhibit at Peabody Museum of Archeology and Ethnology, Harvard.
  
  
• Trobriand Exchange Objects
  Art-Pacific.com's online exhibit with great photos of objects and explanatory notes, links to other aspects of Kula, Malinowski
• 
  
• Online Trobriand Art Exhibit
  Online exhibit of Trobriand art at the Lewis Wara Gallery with explanatory notes.

• Oct. 25   A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, 1952[1935]. "On the Concept of Function in Social Science," in Structure and function in primitive society : essays and addresses / by A.R. Radcliffe-Brown ; with a foreword by E. E. Evans- Pritchard and Fred Eggan, Glencoe, Ill. : Free Press; also in High Points. (5 pp). In bookstore and on book reserve, Ereserve.
  
  Evans-Pritchard, E.E. 1970 [1940]. "The Nuer of the Southern Sudan," African Political Systems, ed. Myer Fortes and E.E. Evans-Pritchard, Oxford: Oxford UP. (24 pp.). On Ereserve, book reserve.
• Oct. 27   Evans-Pritchard, E. E. 1940. The Nuer. Intro, Chap. III, "Time and Space". (43 pp.) In bookstore, on book reserve (8 copies).
  
  Images: Nuer Clans and Structural Time/Distance
  

Functionalism
Structural-functionalism
diachronic vs. synchronic
distinctive opposition
relativity

Radcliffe-Brown, Concept of Function, 1935

• structure
  
• function (vs. activity)
  
• process
  
• necessary conditions of existence (vs. "needs")
  
• (social) morphology, physiology, development
  
• continuity
  
• social system
  
• social life of a community
  
• functional unity
  
• organic analogy
  
• social health (vs. social pathology)
  
• dysfunction
  
• opposition (regulated antagonism)
  
• history
  
• Social anthropology vs. "Ethnology"
  
• scientific law

Evans-Pritchard, The Nuer of S. Sudan, 1940

• political (vs. domestic)
  
• "modern political economy"
  
• ordered anarchy
  
• kraal
  
• district
  
• lineage system
  -agnatic ties (patrilineal)
  -cognatic ties
  -affinal ties
  
• village
  
• clan
  
• dominant/aristocratic clan
  
• tribe
  
• age-sets
  
• symbol
  
• institution
  
• leopard-skin chief
  
• structural determinants of behavior
  
• segmentation
  
• relativity of structures
  
• opposition
  
• segmentary lineage system
  
• fission vs. fusion
  
• feud
  
• history

Evans-Pritchard, The Nuer, 1940

• segmentary system
  
• political structure
  
• nation
  
• social system
  
• values [ie., meanings]
  
• ecological time
  
• structural time
  
• time (for Nuer)
  
• historical time
  
• myth
  
• structural distance
  
• ecological distance
  
• political distance
  
• structural relativity

• A.R. Radcliffe-Brown (1881-1955)
  Wikipedia
• A.R. Radcliffe-Brown (1881-1955)
  Anthrobase

 

• E.E. Evans-Pritchard (1902-1973)
  Wikipedia
• E.E. Evans-Pritchard (1902-1973)
  Anthrobase

• Library of Congress Maps from European Age of Discovery
  Library of Congress digital map collections, 1500-2002. Great collection of maps from European age of discovery, zoomable to high resolution details, includes annotated map and details from 1562 Map of America by a Spanish explorer featured on this website!
  
  
• Maps in Colonialism
  Ryan Nock at Emory's nice brief illustrated site on Maps in Colonialism.
  

• Animated Atlas of African History
  Animated map illustrating the incredibly complex political transformations on the continent with the advent of European colonialism. Brown University.
  
  
• Colonial Africa Early 20th Century
  Excellent color-coded interactive map showing complex colonial holdiings in Africa during the time E-P did his fieldwork.
  
  
• Critical Essay on Mapping Africa
  Ralph Austen's excellent essay giving historical context for the complexities of mapping Africa. Good companion to the two previous maps listed here.

Books and Articles

• Stocking, George. ""Radcliffe-Brown and British Social Anthropology," in Functionalism Historicized: Essays on British Social Anthropology, Madison: University of WI Press, 1984.
  
• Feuchtwang, Stephan. "The Colonial Formation of British Social Anthropology," in Talal Asad, ed., Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter, see me.
  
• Johnson, Douglas. "Evans-Pritchard, The Nuer, and the Sudan Political Service," African Affairs. see me. [author was then aasst. director for Archives in Sudanese Ministry of Culture and Information]
  
• James, Wendy, "The Anthropologist as Reluctant Imperialist," in Talal Asad, ed., Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter, see me.
  
• Ghaffar M Ahmed, Abdel. "Some Remarks from the Third World on Anthropology and Colonialism: the Sudan," in Talal Asad, ed., Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter, see me.
  
• Hart, Keith. "The place of the 1898 Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to the Torres Straits (CAETS) in the history of British social anthropology", 1998 lecture. Good background for antecedents of R-B, Malinowski and E-P. Full-text online.

Films

The Nuer. 1971 film depicting Nuer life. On reserve in Film and Video Library.

Strangers Abroad Series. All on reserve in Film and Video Library. All about 50 mins. Great old footage of these guys at work, interviews with locals who remember them, information on ethnography of the communities they worked in.

• Sir Edward Evans-Prtichard: Strange Beliefs
  Great old footage and narration from his description of fieldwork, very light on his involvement with colonial overlords.

History

• African History
  UPenn's nice site with links on African history
  
  
• Bibliography on Colonial Africa
  Selected bib. on history of colonial Africa
  

Theorists' Sites

• Radcliffe-Brown at Chicago
  George Stocking's Anthropology at Chicago; online history of the big names,including Sapir, Radcliffe-Brown
  

Sudan

• Sudan Online
  
  
  
• Recent Nuer-Dinka Peace Conference
  great interactive site with audio, images of recent Dinka-Nuer peace
  conference and its historical context

• Darfur Information Center
  Background and links on the conflict given by Ali B. Ali-Dinar, Ph.D, University of Pennsylvania African Studies Center.

Methods

• Kinship Terminology Glossary!
  Michael Dean Murphy's helpful and comprehensive list of anthropological kinship terminology.

• Nov. 1  Stasch, Rupert. 2006 Structuralism in Anthropology. The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd edition, vol. 12, pp. 167-170. Oxford: Elsevier. (4 pages). Ereserve.
  
  Levi-Strauss, Claude. 1966. "The Science of the Concrete," in The Savage Mind. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, (pp. 1-33) On Ereserve, in bookstore and on book reserve.

• Nov. 3 Sahlins, Marshall. 1976. "La Pensee Bourgeoise: Western Society as Culture," in Culture in Practice: Selected Essays. New York: Zone Books, 2000. (32 pp.). On Ereserve.
  
  Images: Levi-Strauss, Signs and Structuralist Method
  
  

meaning/signification
semiotics/semiology
structural linguistics

Claude Levi-Strauss, Science of the Concrete, 1962

• language
  
• structure
  
• practical use vs. theoretical interest
  
• Magic (vs. Science)
  
• taxonomy
  
• the Neolithic Paradox
  
• Science of the Concrete / Mythical Thought
  
• sensible quality vs. (abstract) property
  
• bricolage/ bricoleur
  
• Science
  
• Signs (vs. Images, vs. Concepts)
  
• Nature vs. Culture
  
• event vs. structure / contingent vs. necessary
  
• Art:primitive, professional, applied
  
• metonym vs. metaphor
  
• games vs. rites

• Claude Levi-Strauss (1908-)
  
  
• Claude Levi -Strauss (1908-)
  Marxist.org's biography of Levi-Strauss, with links to other theorists.
  
  
• Claude Levi -Strauss (1908-)
  Johns Hopkins Online guide to Literary Theory overview of Levi-Strauss, with links to other theorists.
  
  
• Marshall Sahlins (1930-)
  Wikipedia Biography
  
  
• Marshall Sahlins Faculty Page, Univ of Chicago

• The Indians in the United States
  Levi-Strauss relied on ethnograpy collected from American Indians in the early 20th century. From The Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd, 1923. On-line at University of Texas Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, Historical Maps of the Americas.
  
  
• Rare Historical Maps of Westward Expansion in United States
  Rare map collection online at University of Georgia Hargrett Rare Map Library. Has old maps depicting Indian territories.
  
  
• Contemporary Kwakiutl Geography
  Has maps and online audio of current chief's greetings in Kwak’wala language. Levi-Strauss relied in part on Boas' ethnography conducted in this region.

Books and Articles

• Geertz, Clifford. "The Cerebral Savage: On the Work of Claude Levi-Strauss," in The Interpretation of Cultures. In bookstore and on book reserve (7 copies).
  
  
• Foucault, Michel. 1970 "Preface, (pp. xv-xiv)" "Classifying", The Order of Things On book reserve (10 copies)

Films

Strangers Abroad Series. All on reserve in Film and Video Library. All about 50 mins. Great old footage of these guys at work, interviews with locals who remember them, information on ethnography of the communities they worked in.

• Sir Walter Baldwin Spencer: Fieldwork
  Great old footage and narration from his description of fieldwork. Interviews with contemporary aborigines. Durkheim relied on Spencer and Gillen's fieldwork to formulate his theories of primitive religion and society.

History and Culture

• 19 Century Religion
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: 19C Religion;
  links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses

Theorists' Sites

• Levi-Strauss' Structural Anthropology
  Full-text online of chapter of Levi-Strauss' influential 1958 book Structural Anthropology
  
  
• Ferdinand de Saussure
  Levi-Strauss' structuralist anthropology was strongly influenced by this French linguist's structural approach to language.Online overview in Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory

Methods

• Anthropology of Religion Overview
  Doug Padgett's site on the Anthropology of Religion; brief essay giving nice overview
  
  
• Anthro of Religion site
  AAA Anthro. of Religion's links site. Good collection of on-line resources on ritual and religion globally.

• Nov. 8  Turner, Victor. 1967. "Symbols in Ndembu Ritual," and "Betwixt and Between: The Liminal Period in rites de passage," from The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Ritual, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, (44 pp). On Ereserve, book reserve (7 copies).
  
  
• Nov .10  Geertz, Clifford. 1973. "Deep Play: Notes on a Balinese Cockfight" in The Interpretation of Cultures. In bookstore, on book reserve.

Victor Turner, Symbols in Ndembu Ritual, 1958

• symbol (vs. sign)
  -dominant vs. instrumental symbols
  -supplementary symbols
  -condensation
  -unification of disparate significata
  -polarization of meaning: ideological vs. sensory poles
  -Sapir: referential vs. condensation symbols
  
• structure
  
• ritual
  
• social process
  
• axiomatic values
  
• contextual analysis
  
• individual's structural perspective
  
• context
  -action field
  -cultural
  

Turner, Betwixt and Between, 1964

• Society as structure of positions
  
• period of margin
  
• interstructural
  
• structure vs. process
  
• state (vs. office vs. status)
  
• transition
  
• rites of passage
  -separation
  -margin/limen/liminality
  -reaggregation
  
• ascribed vs. achieved status
  
• initiation rite
  
• ritual vs. ceremony
  
• structurally invisible
  
• symbol
  
• pollution
  
• economy of symbolic reference
  
• ontological transformation
  
• sacra
  
• multivocal symbols
  
• nonrational or nonlogical symbols
  

Geertz, Deep Play, 1972

• symbol
• meaning
• rappport
• cock/sabung
• focused gathering
• depth
• deep play
• expressive form
• social semantics
• text

• Victor Turner (1920-1983)
  Beth Barrie's overview of Turner's life and times.
  
  
• Clifford Geertz (1923-2006)

• Geertz on Geertz, 1999

• Maps in Colonialism
  Ryan Nock at Emory's nice brief illustrated site on Maps in Colonialism
  
  
• Pre-Colonial African Polities
  Annotated map for an anthropology course. Compare this map with the one of colonial Africa.
  
  
• Colonial Africa Early 20th Century
  Excellent color-coded interactive map showing complex colonial holdiings in Africa during the time E-P did his fieldwork.
  
  
• Critical Essay on Mapping Africa
  Ralph Austen's excellent essay giving historical context for the complexities of mapping Africa. Good companion to the two previous maps listed here.
  
  
• Maps of Indonesia
  Use pull-down menu to link to zoomable map of island of Bali.

Books and Articles

• Asad, Talal. "Anthropological Conceptions of Religion: Reflections on Geertz," Man 18, 1983.
  http://www.jstor.org/cgi-bin/jstor/listjournal/00251496?config=jstor
  
  
• Bynum, Caroline. "Women's Stories, Women's Symbols: A Critique of Victor Turner's Theory of Liminality," Moore and Reynolds, eds., Anthropology and the Study of Religion, Chicago: Center for the Scientific Study of Religion, 1984.

Films

• The Cockfight. short (13 min) 1996 film on the Balinese cockfight. On order for Reed library.

History and Culture

• Indonesian History
  During the time Geertz did his fieldwork there up to the present, the island of Bali has been a part of the nation-state of Indonesia.
  WWW Virtual Library History of Indonesia, links for various islands
  
  
• Southeast Asian Studies Online
  Northern Illinois University Southeast Asian Studies site on Southeast Asia, links on language, culture, maps for Indonesia
  

Theorists' Sites

• Geertz Online
  Brief overview of Geertz' life and theory, with links to other western theorists of religion and ritual.
  

Methods

• Anthropology of Religion Overview
  Doug Padgett's site on the Anthropology of Religion; brief essay giving nice overview
  
  
• Anthro of Religion site
  AAA Anthro. of Religion's links site. Good collection of on-line resources on ritual and religion globally.

• Nov.15   Marx, Karl. 1849. "Wage Labour and Capital," in Robert Tucker, Ed. The Marx-Engels Reader. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1978. (14 pp.) On book reserve.
  
  Wolf, Eric. 1982. Introduction and "the Movement of Commodities" in Europe and the People Without History, Berkeley: University of California Press. (60 pp). On book reserve, Ereserve.

  Images: Situating Fieldwork in Global Political Economy
  

• Nov. 17 Sahlins, Marshall. 1988. "Cosmologies of Capitalism: The Trans-Pacific Sector of 'The World System."  Culture, Power, History.  N. Dirks, et al., eds.  (28 pp.)  On book reserve, Ereserve (10 copies).

Paper Three Due: Friday Nov. 18, 5 pm, at my office (Vollum 312)

hegemony
agency
power
practice theory

Marx, Wage Labour and Capital, 1847

• wages (vs. profit)
  
• capitalist
  
• work
  
• labour
  
• labour power
  
• capital
  
• commodity
  
• free labour (vs. slavery) (vs. serfdom)
  
• production
  
• social relations
  
• means of production
  
• society
  
• exchange value
  
• division of labour
  
• competition
  
• labour army

Wolf, Europe and People without a History, 1982

• connections
  
• history
  
• sociology
  
• modernization theory
  
• culture
  
• production
  
• core-periphery
  
• capitalism
  
• capital
  
• market
  
• Great Depression
  
• dependency
  
• plantation
  
• factors of production
  
• military agriculture
  
• free labor vs. slavery
  
• cash crop production
  
• Capitalist World Economy
  Examples:
• Bang Chan, Thailand, p. 321
  
• Guaymi, W. Panama, p. 325
  
• Mundurucu, Amazon, p. 326
  
• Agni, Ivory Coast, Africa, p. 342
  
• Kachin, Burma, p. 345
  
• Zulu, S. Africa, p. 346

Marshall Sahlins, Cosmologies of Capitalism, 1988

• world system theory
• base/superstructure
• mystique of western domination
• commodity
• fetishism
• cultural politics

• Karl Marx (1818-1883)
  The Man. The Myth. Links to variety of full-text biographies of Marx, Engels and Marx' family.
  
  
• Eric Wolf (1923-1999)
  
  
• Marshall Sahlins (1930-)

• Library of Congress Maps from European Age of Discovery
  Library of Congress digital map collections, 1500-2002. Great collection of maps from European age of discovery, zoomable to high resolution details, includes annotated map and details from 1562 Map of America by a Spanish explorer featured on this website!
  
  
• Maps in Colonialism
  Ryan Nock at Emory's nice brief illustrated site on Maps in Colonialism
  
  
• Colonial Africa Early 20th Century
  Excellent color-coded interactive map showing complex colonial holdiings in Africa during the time E-P did his fieldwork.
  
  
• Maps of World Colonial Expansion
  Bunch of maps developed for a history course on imperialism showing shifting spheres of political economic influence globally.
  
  
• European Empires
  Good collection of a variety of maps depicting shifting political entities in Europe between 16th-20th centuries.
  
  
• UC Atlas of Global Inequality
  Produced by a consortium of professors at the University of California, Santa Cruz, The Atlas explores the interaction between global integration (globalization) and inequality, and provides maps, graphics and data primarily for use by students and teachers in the University of California and elsewhere.

Books and Articles

• Anthropological notes and interview with Dennis O'Rourke, director of the film Cannibal Tours (1988).

• Marx, Karl. 1849. "Commodities" in Robert Tucker, Ed. The Marx-Engels Reader. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1978. (14 pp.) On book reserve.
  
  
• Foucault, Michel. 1970 "Exchanging", The Order of Things. On book reserve (10 copies)
  
  
• Said, Edward. Orientalism. 1978.
  
  
• Hymes, Dell. "The Use of Anthropology: Critical, Political, Personal," in Hymes, Ed., Reinventing Anthropology, New York: Random House, 1972 [1969]. On article reserve.
  
  
• Rubin, Gayle. "Traffic in Women: Notes on the 'Political Economy' of Sex," Reiter, ed., Toward an Anthropology of Women, New York: Monthly Review, 1975. in my office
  
  
• Giddens, Anthony. Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1991.
  
  
• Pels, Peter. "The Anthropology of Colonialism", Annual Review of Anthropology, 26, 1997. Full-text online. Click on "articles" link, scroll down to 1997.

For a particularly vitriolic debate among Marxist anthropologists, including Eric Wolf, see:

• Taussig, Michael. 1989. History as Commodity in some Recent American (Anthropological) Literature," Critique of Anthropology. pp 7-27. On article reserve
  
  
• Mintz, Sidney W. and Eric R Wolf. 1989. "Reply to Michael Taussig," Critique of Anthropology, pp. 28-31. On article reserve.

History and Culture

• The Industrial Revolution
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Industrial Revolution, and Industrial Rv. II; links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses
  
  
• Nineteenth Century Germany
  Fordham Univ's Internet Modern History Sourcebook: 19c Germany; links to full text lit. from the time, links to literary responses
  
  
• Globalization and Western Hegemony
  Fordham Univ's Internet Global History Sourcebook. Has links on western hegemony late 19th early 20th, global economy.
  
  
• Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism
  Put together by the Anthropology Dept. at SUNY Plattsburgh to accompany courses and a book by Richard Robbins, this site is an excellent source for further reading on this week. Based on a particular marxist perspective, these theorists walk you through a series of annotated, on-line readings that analyze contemporary cultural politics as fundamentally organized around capitalism. Readings on capitalists, consumers, the nation-state, the impacts of global capitalism, and various types of resistance and activism.
  
  
• UC Atlas of Global Inequality
  Produced by a consortium of professors at the University of California, Santa Cruz, The Atlas explores the interaction between global integration (globalization) and inequality, and provides maps, graphics and data primarily for use by students and teachers in the University of California and elsewhere.
  

Theorists' Sites

• Marxism Online
  Rick Kuhn's Marxism page, including full-text hyperlinked Communist Manifesto, other links to Marxist classics.
  
  
• Marxism.org
  Comprehensive site listing links to Marxist literature and marxists on-line
  
  
• Marx' Capital Online
  On-line version of Marx' 1887 magnum opus Capital, Vol 1
  
  
• The Marx Files
  Comprehensive site with links to massive resources on Marx and Engels. Includes chronologically arranged photos, letters, collected works.

• Online Guide to Marx's Capitalist Manifesto
  From Online Schools, has compendium of secondary sources for understanding this classic text.

Film Screening: Paris is Burning, 1990, 76 min. Film library screening room reserved Sun-Tues Nov. 20-22, 4:30-7:30.

• Nov. 22  Ortner, Sherry. 1972. "Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?" and "So, Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?" in Making Gender: The Politics and Erotics of Culture. Boston: Beacon Press, 1996 (28 pp.). Bookstore and on book reserve (8 copies) .
  
  Weston, Kath. "Do Clothes Make the Woman? Gender, Performance Theory, and Lesbian Eroticism," Genders 17, Fall 1993. (17 pp). Ereserve.
  

hegemony
agency
power
practice theory

Sherry Ortner, Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture? 1972

• universals vs. particulars
  
• Culture vs Nature
  
• gender
  
• woman/female
  
• man/male
  
• cultural logic
  
• egalitarian
  
• male dominance
  
• subordination
  
• biological determinism
  
• ritual
  
• transcendence
  
• domestic vs. public
  
• family
  
• motherhood
  
• feminine personality
  
• women's intermediacy
  
• margin
  
• symbolic ambiguity
• feedback system

Sherry Ortner, So, Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture? 1996

• culture as disjunctive
  
• culturally unmarked vs. culturally marked
  
• gender
  
• woman
  
• man
  
• nature vs. culture
  
• essentialism
  
• structure
  
• poststructuralism
  
• mutual metaphorization

• Sherry Ortner (1941-) (Angela Bratton essay)
• Kath Weston (Queers and Theory blog)

Books and Articles

• di Leonardo, Micaela. "Introduction: Gender, Culture, and Political Economy: Feminist Anthropology in Historical Perspective," in di Leonardo, ed. Gender at the Crossroads of Knowledge: Feminist Anthropology in the Postmodern Era. Berkeley: University of CA press, 1991. Office.
  
  
• Rosaldo, Michelle. "The Use and Abuse of Anthropology: Reflections on Feminism and Cross-Cultural Understanding," Signs, 6:3, 1980. Office
  
  
• Ong, Aihwa. "Colonialism and Modernity: Feminist Re-presentations of Women in Non-Western Societies," Inscriptions 3/4, 1988. in my office
  
  
• Mascia-Lees. "The Postmodern Turn in Anthropology: Cautions from a Feminist Perspective," Signs 15(1), 1989. Office
  
  
• Rubin, Gayle. "Traffic in Women: Notes on the 'Political Economy' of Sex," Reiter, ed., Toward an Anthropology of Women, New York: Monthly Review, 1975. in my office

Films
There are tons of great films featuring issues of sex and gender in the Reed film and video library. Here's a selection of some of my favorites on gender issues in the U.S.

• Paris is Burning   Jennie Livingstone's award-winning 1991 film on the Harlem trans/gay ball scene.
  
  
• You Don't Know Dick: Courageous Hearts of Transgendered Men  Bestor Cram and Candace Schermerhorn's film interviewing female-to-male transgendered people in the U.S.
  
  
• Barbie Nation: an Unauthorized Tour  Susan Stern's 1998 film exploring Barbie culture in the U.S, including fascinating alternative uses of the famous doll!

General

• Association for Feminist Anthropology
  Learn about the goals and history of this section of the American Anthropological Association.
• Association for Queer Anthropology (formerly SOLGA)
  Learn about the goals and history of this section of the American Anthropological Association.
  
  
• Overview of Feminist Anthropology
  Angela Bratton's brief essay on history and goals of Feminist anthropology.
  
  
• Exhibits on Sexism and Racism in Advertising
  Makley Image Archive exhibits of damaging stereotypes of women and minorities in U.S. mainstream print media. Links to further reading on critical media theory, activism, and more.
  

History

• LGBT History Online
  Fordham Univ's People with a History An Online Guide to
  Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans* History; Links to all aspects.
  
  
• Women's History Online
  Fordham Univ's Women's Internet History Sourcebook.

Theorists' Sites

• Sandell Critique of Weston's Families we Choose
  Full-text online essay by Jillian Sandel "On the Cultural Necessity of Queer Families", Bad Subjects, Issue # 12, March 1994.
  

• Nov 29, "preface", "opening," chs. 1 and 3 (pp. viii-xvi, pp. 5-71, pp. 104-120),Tsing, Anna. 1993. In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an Out-of-the-Way Place. In bookstore and on book reserve.
  
  
• Dec. 1  chs. 6, 7, reprise (pp. 178-229, pp. 287-301). Tsing, Anna. 1993. In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an Out-of-the-Way Place. In bookstore and on book reserve.

• Dec. 6  Lamphere, Louise. 2003. The perils and prospects for an engaged anthropology. A view from the United States. Social Anthropology (2003), 11, 2, 153–168. (online).

Tsing, Anna. 2005. "The Forest of Collaborations," and "Coda," in Friction: An Ethnography of Global Connection. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 245-272. (book reserve).

Final Paper Due: Mon Dec. 12, 5 pm, at my office (312 Vollum)

Theory Map Due: Fri. Dec. 16, 5 pm, by email or online

Tsing, Diamond Queen, 1993

• Culture
  
• marginality (vs. Durkheimian "deviance")
  
• gender
  
• heterogeneity
  
• postcolonial anthropology
  
• intersecting discursive fields
  
• hegemony
  
• transnational/transcultural
  
• border crossing
  
• nation
  
• exemplary centers vs. peripheries
  
• New Order
  
• cultural politics
  
• state
  
• magic and power of the state
  
• adat
  
• theory
  
• local
  
• agency
  
• umbum
  
• modernity/modernization
  
• resistance
  
• rumor
  
• story
  
• mobility
  
• travel

• Anna Tsing
  Tsing's page at the University of California, Santa Cruz.
  
  
• Micaela di Leonardo
  Bio. of di Leonardo, professor of anthropology and women's studies at Northwestern University.

• Maps of Indonesia
  Use pull-down menu to link to zoomable map of Kalimantan where Tsing worked.
  
  
• Univ. of Texas Maps of Indonesia

Books and Articles

• Williams, Raymond. Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society. (Revised Edition). New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. In library.
  
  
• di Leonardo, Micaela. "Introduction: Gender, Culture, and Political Economy: Feminist Anthropology in Historical Perspective," in di Leonardo, ed. Gender at the Crossroads of Knowledge: Feminist Anthropology in the Postmodern Era. Berkeley: University of CA press, 1991. Office.
  
  
• Fabian, Johannes. 1990. "Presence and Representation: The Other and Anthropological Writing," in Critical Inquiry (summer): 753-771. (office).
  
  
• Fabian, Johannes. 1983. "Time and the Emerging Other," Time and The Other: How Anthropology Makes its Object. New York: Columbia University Press. Office

•  di Leonardo, Micaela. 1998. "America's Anthropologies, Anthropology's America," in Exotics At Home: Anthropologies, Others, American Modernity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press

• Victoria Sanford, Asale Angel-Ajani, Phillippe Bourgois. Engaged Observer: Anthropology, Advocacy, and Activism. Rutgers Univ Press, 2006.

• Gavin A. Smith. Confronting the present: towards a politically engaged anthropology. Oxford Univ. Press, 1999.

• MacClancy, Jeremy, ed. Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines.Chicago Univ. Press, 2002.

• Price, David. Threatening Anthropology: McCarthyism and the FBI's Surveillance of Activist Anthropologists. Duke Univ. Press, 2004.
  

Films
The iconoclast ethnographic filmmaker Timothy Asch made a series of films about island life in Indonesia. These and others are in the Reed film and video library collection. They could give you a glimpse of ecological relationships, spirit possession, etc. similar to practices that Tsing describes.

• Releasing the Spirits. 1991. Award-winning film on the elaborate cremation rites performed byBalinese villagers.
  
  
• A Balinese Trance Seance. 1980. Part of a 4-part series on a Balinese spirit medium named Jero.
  
  
• The Water of Words. 1983. Explores the cultural ecology of a small island in eastern Indonesia. This is a filmed account of the use of lontar, a tree that provides the mainstay of the Rotinese diet, and the poetic rituals that surround it.

Engaged Anthropology

• Association for Feminist Anthropology
  Learn about the goals and history of this section of the American Anthropological Association.
  
  
• Overview of Feminist Anthropology
  Angela Bratton's brief essay on history and goals of Feminist anthropology.
  
  
• Feminist Theory Website
  Dr. Kristin Switala at Virginia Tech University created this site with links to on all aspects of feminist theory, including country-specific links.

• Zero Anthropology Blog: The Yanomami Controversy

• The Race Project
  The American Anthropological Association's traveling exhibit on race

• Public Anthropology Journal Archive Project
  An excellent website offering a searchable database of 3 major anthropology journals, as well as links on possibilities for activist anthropology, annotated photos and more.

• Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism
  Put together by the Anthropology Dept. at SUNY Plattsburgh to accompany courses and a book by Richard Robbins, this site is an excellent source for further reading on this week. Based on a particular marxist perspective, these theorists walk you through a series of annotated, on-line readings that analyze contemporary cultural politics as fundamentally organized around capitalism. Readings on capitalists, consumers, the nation-state, the impacts of global capitalism, and various types of resistance and activism
  

History and Culture

• Dayak-Madurese Ethnic Violence in Kalimantan, 2001
  • "Hate the Legacy of Indonesia's Tribal War" (CNN.com, 2001) report on local Dayak men's brutal violence against immigrant muslim Madurese on the island of Borneo.
  • "Kalimantan: Indonesia's Savage Nightmare," (CNN.com) Maria Ressa, CNN's Jakarta Bureau Chief travels to Kalimantan in the wake of the 2001 ethnic violence there.
    

• Indonesian Culture and History
  WWW Virtual Library links to cultural aspects of Indonesian history.

• Southeast Asian Studies Online
  Northern Illinois University Southeast Asian Studies site on Southeast Asia, links on language, culture, maps for Indonesia

Theorists' Sites

• GIll Review of di Leonardo's Exotics at Home
  Lesley Gill, anthropologist at American University reviews di Leonardo's book. New Politics, vol. 7, no. 3 (new series), whole no. 27, Summer 1999. Full-text online.
  
  
• White Lies: Rape, Race, and the Black "Underclass"
  Micaela di Leonardo's 1992 piece in the Village Voice in which she discusses her own experience as a rape victim in terms of the cultural politics of race, gender and class in the U.S. Full text online.