21. Arts of Memory and Desire:  Ming “remnant” yimin 遗民 paintings

Ming dynasty (1368-1644).

Qing dynasty (1644-1911).   Manchu.

Concept: memory, monument

Terms

Dong Qichang 董其昌 (1555-1636).

“Two Schools” formulation of Chinese art history, also called the “Northern and Southern School” theory:   A theory of the history of painting, associated with Dong Qichang, which divided painters into two lineages, the Northern and Southern--categories which were borrowed from Chan Buddhist divisions between Northern (gradualist) and Southern (sudden) enlightenment sects.  

fang 仿:   creative imitation

bian 变:   transformation

yimin: “remnant painters,” “leftover subjects,” individualists and nonconformists.   Historically not a coherent group.

Objects

Dong Qichang (1555-1636).  Qing Bian Mountains.   1617. Hanging scroll, ink, paper; 7'3 1/2” x 26 1/2” (fig. 9-6)   Compare with Wang Meng's Dwelling in the Qing Bian Mountains (fig. 8-31--see your notes on the four masters of the Yuan dynasty).

Wang Hui 王翬 (1632-1717) and Wang Shimin 王时敏 (1592-1680). Landscapes after Ancient Masters 1674 and 1677. Album of twelve paintings; ink and color on paper; Ten paintings by Wang Hui: 8 5/8 x 13 1/4 in. (22 x 33.8 cm); Two paintings by Wang Shimin: 10 x 12 15/16 in. (25.4 x 37 cm)
Inscribed by the artists

Dai Benxiao 戴本孝 (1621-1693).   The Manjusri Monastery on Mount Huang.   Hanging scroll, ink on silk, 6'2” x 21” (fig. 9-18)

Hongren 弘仁 (fl. ca. mid-17 th century).   Landcape Studies.   1664.   Album leaves (8), ink, paper.

Mei Qing 梅清 (1623-1697).   Making Pills of Immortality at a Terrace on Yellow Mountain.   Album leaf, ink, color, paper; 33.8 x 44.1 cm.

Gong Xian 龔賢 (c. 1617-1689).  Thousand Peaks and Myriad Ravines . Hanging scroll, ink on paper; 25 x 40” (fig. 9-28)

            Compare with European etchings brought into China by the Jesuits

Zhu Da 朱耷 (also known as Bada Shanren 八大山人 ) (1626-1705).   Fish and Rocks.   1691.   Detail of handscroll, ink on paper; 11 1/2 x 5'1 1/2” (fig. 9-15)

Shitao 石濤 (1642-1707).  Viewing the Waterfall on Mount Lu. Hanging scroll, ink, color, silk; 8'9” x 25” (fig. 9-16)