A short history of ZEN

•  promoted by the Bakufu government in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods

cf. Sesshu (active c. 1500)

•  replaced by Neo-Confucianism in the Edo period

cf. Hakuin (1686-1769)

•  Monkey and Tortoise. Ink and color on paper, 17 x 22 in.

•  Running Fox.   Ink on paper, 50 x 18 in.

•  Badger.   Ink and color on paper, 35 x 7 in.

•  Blind Men Crossing Bridge.   Ink, paper; 8 x 26 1/2 in.

•  Enso.   Ink, paper; 13 x 22 in.

•  One Hand Clapping.   1766.   Ink on paper; 33 7/8 x 10 5/8 in (86 x 26.4 cm) (fig. 379)

•  in competition with Shinto during the Meiji era

Nakahara Nantenbo (1839-1925)

Daruma.   1917.   Hanging scroll, ink on paper; 59 ¾ x 32 ¾ in. (152.1 x 83.4 cm.) (fig. 428)

•  Zen in the mid-twentieth century:   a new “folk” art

Munakata Shiko (1903-1975)

•  woodblock prints

•  Zen and the avant garde

Yoshihara Jiro (1905-1972) and the Gutai 具体 group

•  Red Circle on Black.   1956. Oil on canvas.