Works Cited

Baker, Jr., Houston A. "Autobiographical Acts and the Voice of the Southern Slave"

in The Slave's Narrative, ed. Charles T. Davis & Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.

Douglass, Frederick. "My Escape from Slavery." The Century Illustrated Magazine 23, n.s. 1

(Nov. 1881): 125-131.

Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave.

New York: Penguin Books, 1988 (first publ. 1845).
[Unspecified page numbers refer to this edition;
I have included chapter numbers because editions vary.]

Gates, Jr., Henry Louis. The Signifying Monkey. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.

Parry, Ellwood. The Image of the Indian and the Black Man in American Art, 1500-1900.

New York: George Braziller, 1974.

Seale, Bobby. Seize the Time. Baltimore: Black Classic Press, 1991 (first publ. 1970).

Information for Boy holding a Bucket:

Anonymous (Afro-American carver), Boy holding a Bucket, mid-19th century.

Carved wood, 8 inches high. Courtesy of the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller
Folk Art Collection, Williamsburg, Virginia.

Image and information borrowed respectfully from Parry, The Image of the Indian

and the Black Man in American Art, 1500-1900, p. 98