WOMEN IN THE MIDDLE AGES 1000-1500



SOURCES IN TRANSLATION

Leon Battista Alberti, The Albertis of Florence. Leon Battista 
Alberti's Della Famiglia.  translated by G.A. Guarino.  1971.
E. Amt, Women's Lives in Medieval Europe: a sourcebook.  London, 
1993.
Francesco Barbaro, On Wifely Duties translated in B.G. Kohl and 
R.G. Witt (eds.) The earthly republic. Italian humanists on 
government and society. 1978, pp.189-228.
A. Blamires (ed. and tr.), Woman defamed and woman defended: an 
anthology of medieval texts.  Oxford, 1992.
Boccaccio, Concerning famous women (De Claris Mulieribus) tr. 
G.A.Guarino, New Brunswick, N.J., 1963.
B. Castiglione, The book of the courtier. tr. G. Bull. Penguin, 
1967, esp. Book 3. 
E. Power (ed. and tr.), The goodman of Paris.  1928.
Pier Paolo Vergerio, De ingenuis moribus et liberalibus studiis 
adolescentiae translated in W.H. Woodward, Vittorino da 
Feltre and other humanist educators.  1900, pp. 93-118.



GENERAL

B.S. Anderson and J.P. Zinsser, A history of their own: women in 
Europe from prehistory to the present.  2 vols.  Penguin, 
1989.
C.W. Atkinson, The oldest vocation: Christian motherhood in the 
middle ages.  Ithaca and london, 1991.
D. Baker (ed.)  Medieval women.   Oxford, 1978, reprinted 1989.
R. Howard Bloch, Medieval misogyny and the invention of western 
	romantic love.  Chicago and London, 1991.
G.Duby, Love and marriage in the middle ages.  Cambridge, 1994.
R.R. Edwards and S. Spector, The olde daunce, love,friendship, sex 
	and marriage in the medieval world.  Albany, New York, 1991.
E. Ennen, The medieval woman.  Tr. E. Jephcott.  Oxford, 1989.
C. Erickson and K. Casey, 'Women in the middle ages: a working 
bibliography', Medieval Studies 38 (1976), pp.340-359.
M. Erler and M. Kowaleski (eds.) Women and power in the middle 
ages. Athens and London, 1988.  
F. and J. Gies, Women in the middle ages.  New York, 1971
Marriage and the family in the middle ages. New York, London, 
1987.
J. Goody, The development of the family and marriage in Europe.  
Cambridge, 1983.
D. Herlihy, Medieval households. Cambridge, Mass. and London, 1985,
J. Kelly, Women, history and theory.  Chicago and London, 1984.
M.L. King, Women of the Renaissance.  Chicago, 1991.
J. Kirshner and S.F. Wemple (eds.), Women of the medieval world. 
Oxford, 1985.
A.M. Lucas, Women in the middle ages: religion, marriage and 
letters. Brighton, 1983. 
G. McLeod, Virtue and venom: catalogs of Women from Antiquity to 
the Renaissance.  Ann Arbor, 1991.
L. Mirrer (ed), Upon my husband's death: widows in the history and 
literature of medieval Europe.   Ann Arbor, 1992.  
R.T. Morewedge, (ed) The role of women in the middle ages. 
Binghamton, New York, 1975.
J. O'Faolain and L.Martines (eds.) Not in God's image: women in 
history from the Greeks to the Victorians  New York, 1973.
J.C. Parsons, Medieval Queenship. Stroud, 1994.
E. Power, Medieval Women. ed. M.M. Postan.  Cambridge, 1975.
	'The position of women' in Legacy of the middle ages ed. G.C. 
Crump and E.F. Jacob (Oxford, 1926), pp.401-433.
J.T. Rosenthal (ed.), Medieval women and the sources of medieval 
	history.  Athens, Georgia and London, 1990.
S. Shahar,  The fourth estate ; a history of women in the middle 
	ages.  London, 1983.
S.M.Stuard,(ed.)Women in medieval history and historiography. 
Philadelphia, 1987.
Women in medieval society.  Philadelphia, 1976.
E. Uitz, Woman in the medieval town.  London, 1990.
M. Wade Labarge, Women in medieval life: a small sound of the 
trumpet.  London, 1986. (Also U.S. or Canadian edition)
K.M.Wilson and E.M.Makowski, Wykked wyves and the woes of marriage.  
Albany, New York, 1990.


WOMEN AND MARRIAGE: LEGAL ASPECTS


G. le Bras, 'Le mariage dans la theologie et le droit de l'eglise', 
Cahiers de Civilisation Medievale 11 (1968), pp. 191-202.
C.R.Bouchard, 'Consanguinity and noble marriage in the tenth and 
eleventh centuries', Speculum 56 (1981), pp. 268-287.
C. Brooke, The medieval idea of marriage.  Oxford, 1989.
'Medieval marriage'- chapter 20 of his Europe in the central 
middle ages  second edition, London, 1987, pp.444-466.
J.A. Brundage, 'Concubinage and marriage in medieval canon law', 
Journal of Medieval History 1 (1975), pp. 1-17.
	'Widows and remarriage: moral conflicts and their resolution 
in classical canon law', in Sheriden Walker,Wife and Widow in 
Medieval England, pp. 17-31.
C.Donahue Jr., 'female plaintiffs in marriage cases in the court of 
York in the later middle ages: what can we learn from the 
numbers ?', in Sheriden Walker, Wife and Widow, pp. 183-213.
G.Duby, Medieval marriage: two models from twelfth-century France.  
London, 1978.
The knight, the lady and the priest: the making of modern 
marriage in medieval France.  1983
M. Glasser, 'Marriage in medieval hagiography', Studies in Medieval 
and Renaissance History new series 4 (1981), pp.1-34.
R. H. Helmholz, Marriage litigation in medieval England. Cambridge, 
	 1975.
J. Leclercq, Monks and love in twefth-century France. Oxford, 1979. 
Monks on marriage, a twelfth-century view.  1982. 
J.T. Noonan, 'Marital affection in the canonists', Studia Gratiana 
12 (1967), pp. 479-509.
'The power to choose', Viator 4 (1973), pp. 419-434.
J.A. Brundage, Law, sex and Christian society in medieval Europe.  
Chicago, 1987.
	'Widows as disadvantaged persons in medieval canon law', in 
Mirrer (ed.), Upon my husband's death, pp.193-206.
M.M.Sheehan, 'Choice of marriage partner in the middle ages: 
development and mode of application of a theory of marriage', 
Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History new series 1 
(1978), pp.1-33.
'The formation and stability of marriage in fourteenth-
century England: the evidence of an Ely Register', Medieval 
Studies 33 (1971), pp.228-263.
'Theory and practice: marriage of the unfree and the poor in 
medieval society', Medieval Studies 50 (1988), pp.457-487.
K. Thomas, 'The double standard', Journal of the History of Ideas 
20 (1959), pp.195-216.


GYNAECOLOGY IN THEORY AND PRACTICE


P.P.A.Biller, 'Birth control in the West in the thirteenth and 
early fourteenth centuries', Past and Present 94 (1982), 
pp.3-26.
D. Eliott, Spiritual marriage: sexual abstinence in medieval 
wedlock. Princeton, 1993.
V. Fildes, Wet nursing: a history from antiquity to the present. 
Oxford, 1988.  
M. Green, 'Women's medical practice and health care in medieval 
Europe', in Sisters and workers, pp. 39-78.
B.A. Hanawalt, 'Childrearing among the lower classes of late 
medieval England', Journal of Interdisciplinary History 8 
(1977), pp.1-22.
'Conception through infancy in medieval English historical 
and folklore sources', Folklore Forum 13 (1980), pp.127-157.
D. Herlihy, 'Life expectancies for women in medieval society' in 
The role of women in the middle ages ed. R.T.Morewedge (New 
York, 1975), pp.1-22.
D. Jacquart and C. Thomasset, Sexuality and medicine in the middle 
ages.  Oxford, 1988.
H.R. Lemay, 'Anthonius Guainerius and medieval gynecology', in 
Kirshner and Wemple (eds.) Women of the medieval world, pp. 
317-336. 
M.M. McLaughlin, 'Survivors and surrogates: children and parents 
from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries', in The history 
of childhood ed. L. deMause (New York, 1974), pp.101-181.
I. Maclean, The Renaissance notion of women.  Cambridge, 1979.



LEGAL AND SOCIAL POSITION OF WOMEN

England

R.E. Archer, 'Rich old ladies; the problem of late medieval 
dowagers' in Property and politics: essays in later medieval 
English history ed. A.Pollard (Gloucester, 1984), pp.15-35.
'The estates and finances of Margaret of Brotherton, c.1320-
1399', Historical Research 60 (1987), pp.264-280. 
	'"How ladies...who live on their manors ought to manage their 
households and estates": women as landholders and 
administrators in the later middle ages', in Woman is a 
worthy wight, pp. 149-181.	
	and B.E.Ferme, 'Testamentary procedure with special reference 
to the Executrix', in Medieval women in Southern England, 
pp.3-34.
C. Barron, 'The "Golden Age" of women in medieval London', in 
Medieval women in Southern England, pp. 35-58.
C. Barron and A.F.Sutton (eds), Medieval London Widows, 1300-1500. 
London 1994.
K. Bate and others (eds.), Medieval women in Southern England. 
Reading Medieval Studies Vol. XV, 1989.
J. Bennett, 'Medieval peasant marriage: an examination of marriage 
licence fines in the Liber Gersumarum', in Pathways to 
Medieval Peasants ed. J.A. Raftis (Toronto, 1981), pp. 193-
246.
'The tie that binds: peasant marriages and peasant families in 
late medieval England', Journal of Interdisciplinary History 
15 (1984), pp.111-129.
'Widows in the medieval English countryside', in Mirrer, 
(ed.), Upon my husband's death pp. 69-114. 
Women in the English medieval countryside.  Oxford, 1986.
P. Biller, 'Marriage patterns and women's lives: a sketch of 
pastoral geography', in Woman is a worthy wight, pp. 60-107.
P.A. Brand and P.R. Hyams, 'Debate: seigneurial control of women's 
marriage', Past and Present 99 (1983), pp.123-133.
C. Clark, 'La vie feminine en Angleterre au temps d'Alienor 
d'Aquitaine', Cahiers de Civilisation Medievale 29 (1986)
E. Clark, 'The decision to marry in thirteenth and fourteenth-
century Norfolk', Medieval Studies 49 (1987), 
A. Crawford, 'The king's burden ? The consequences of royal 
marriage in fifteenth-century England', in Patronage, the 
crown and the provinces in later medieval England ed. 
R.A.Griffiths (Gloucester, 1981), pp.33-56.
	'Victims of attainder: the Howard and de Vere women in the 
late fifteenth century', in Medieval women in Southern 
England, pp. 59-74. 
K. Dockray, 'Why did fifteenth-century English gentry marry ?', in 
Gentry and lesser nobility in late medieval Europe ed. M 
Jones (Gloucester, 1986), pp. 61-80.
R. Faith, 'Debate: seigneurial control of women's marriage', Past 
and Present  99 (1983), pp.133-148.
'Peasant families and inheritance customs in medieval    
England', Agricultural History Review 14 (1966), 77-95.
C. Fell, Women in Anglo-Saxon England and the impact of 1066. 
Bloomington, Indiana, 1984.
P. Franklin, 'Peasant widows' "liberation" and remarriage before 
the Black Death', Ec.H.R. 2nd ser. 39 (1986) 
C. Given-Wilson, The English nobility in the late middle ages. 	 
	London, 1971.
P.J.P. Goldberg (ed.), Woman is a worthy wight: women in English 
	society c.1200-1500.  Stroud, 1992. 
	'"For better, for worse": marriage and economic opportunity 
	for women in town and country', in Woman is a worthy wight, 
	pp.108-125.
B. Hanawalt, 'Golden ages for the history of medieval English 
women', in Stuard (ed.) Women in medieval history and 
historiography, pp.1-24.
'Remarriage as an option for urban and rural widows in late 
medieval England', in Sheriden Walker, Wife and Widow, 
pp.141-164.
The ties that bound: peasant families in medieval England. 
Oxford, 1986.
	'The widow's mite: provision for medieval London widows', in 
Mirrer (ed.), Upon my husband's death  pp.21-45.
A.S. Haskell, 'The Paston women on marriage in fifteenth-century 
England', Viator 4 (1973), pp. 459-471.
R.H. Helmholz, 'Married women's wills in later medieval England', 
in Sheriden Walker, Wife and Widow, pp.165-182.
C. Howell, 'Peasant inheritance customs in the Midlands, 1280-
1700', in Family and inheritance: rural society in Western 
Europe ed. J.Goody, J.Thirsk, and E.P.Thompson (Cambridge, 
1976), pp.112-155.
J. Kirby, 'Women in the Plumpton correspondence: fiction and 
reality', in I. Wood and G.A. Loud (eds.), Church and 
Chronicle in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to John Taylor 
(1991), pp.219-232.
J.S. Loengard, '"Of the gift of her husband": English dower and its 
consequences in the year 1200', in Kirshner and Wemple (ed.) 
Women of the medieval world, pp. 215-255.
	'Rationabilis dos: Magna Carta and the widow's "fair share" 
in the earlier thirteenth century',in Sheriden Walker, Wife 
and Widow, pp.59-80.
A. MacFarlane, Marriage and love in England: modes of reproduction, 
1300-1840.  Oxford, 1986.
K.B. McFarlane, The English nobility of later medieval England.  
Oxford, 1973.
L.E. Mitchell, "Noble widowhood in the thirteenth century: three 
generations of Mortimer widows, 1246-1334', in Mirrer (ed.), 
Upon my husband's death, pp. 169-190.
C.J.Neville, 'Widows of war:Edward I and the women of Scotland 
during the war of independence', in Sheriden Walker, Wife and 
Widow, pp. 109-139.
J.C. Parsons,'Mothers, daughters and marriage:some Plantagenet 
evidence', in J.C.Parsons (ed.), Medieval Queenship. (Stroud, 
1994), pp.63-78.
C. Richmond, 'The Pastons revisited: marriage and the family in 
fifteenth-century England', B.I.H.R. 63 (1985)
J.T.  Rosenthal,'Other victims: peeresses as war widows', in Mirrer 
(ed.), Upon my husband's death, pp. 131-152.   
	'Fifteenth-century widows and widowhood: bereavement, 
integration and life choices', in Sheriden Walker, Wife and 
Widow, pp.33-58.
J. Scammell, 'Freedom and marriage in medieval England', Ec.H.R. 
2nd ser. 27 (1974), pp.523-537.
'Wife-rents and merchet', Ec. H.R. 2nd ser. 29 (1976),pp.487-
490.
E.Searle, 'Freedom and marriage in medieval England: an alternative 
hypothesis', Ec.H.R. 2nd ser. 29 (1976), pp.482-486.
'Seigneurial control of women's marriages: the antecedents and 
function of merchet in England', Past and Present 82 (1979), 
pp. 3-43.
'A rejoinder', Past and Present 99 (1983), pp.149-160.
M.M. Sheehan, 'The formation and stability of marriage in medieval 
England: the evidence of an Ely register', Medieval Studies 
33 (1971), pp.228-263.
'The influence of canon law on the property rights of married 
women in England', Medieval Studies 25 (1963), pp.109-124.
'Theory and practice: marriage of the unfree and the poor in 
medieval society', Medieval Studies 50  (1988), pp. 457-487.
'The wife of Bath and her four sisters: reflections on a 
woman's life in the age of Chaucer', Medievalia et 
Humanistica 13 (1985)
R.M. Smith, 'Hypotheses sur la nuptialite en Angleterre au XIIe-
XIVe siecles', Annales E.S.C. 38 (1983), pp. 107-136.
'Women's property rights under customary law: some 
developments in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries', 
T.R.H.S. 5th ser. Vol. 36 (1986), pp. 165-194.
P. Stafford, 'Women in Domesday', in Medieval Women in Southern 
	England, pp. 75-94.
D.M. Stenton, The English woman in history.   London, 1957.
L. Stone, The family, sex and marriage in England, 1500-1800. 
London, 1979.
S.S. Walker, 'Free consent and the marriage of feudal wards in 
medieval England', Journal of Medieval History 8 (1982)
'Litigation as personal quest:suing for dower in the royal 
courts c.1272-1350', in Sheriden Walker, Wife and Widow, 
pp.81-108.
'The feudal family and the common law courts: the pleas 
protecting rights of wardship and marriage c.1225-1375', 
Journal of Medieval History 14 (1988), pp.267-307.
'Widow and ward: the feudal law of child custody in medieval 
England', Feminist Studies 3 (1976), pp.104-116 and in Stuard 
(ed.) Women in medieval society pp.156-172.
'Feudal constraint and free consent in the making of 
marriages in medieval England: widows in the King's gift', 
Canadian Historical Association: Historical Papers (1978), 
pp.97-110.
	(ed.) Wife and Widow in Medieval England. Ann Arbor, 1993.
J. Ward, English noblewomen in the later middle ages.  London, 
	1992.


Ireland

D.A. Binchy and others, Studies in early Irish law.  Dublin and 
London, 1936.
A. Cosgrove (ed.), Marriage in Ireland.  Dublin, 1985.
F. Kelly, A guide to early Irish law.  Dublin, 1988.
M. MacCurtain and D. O Corrain, Women in Irish society.  Dublin, 	 
	1978.
M. MacCurtain and M. O'Dowd, Women in early modern Ireland.  
Edinburgh, 1990.
K. Simms, 'The legal position of Irishwomen in the later middle 
ages', The Irish Jurist new series 10 (1975), pp. 96-111.


France


J. Bishop, 'Bishops as marital advisers in the ninth century', in 
Kirshner and Wemple (eds.), Women of the medieval world, pp. 
54-84.
C. Bouchard, 'Consanguinity and noble marriages in the tenth and 
eleventh centuries', Speculum 56 (1981), pp. 208-287.
'The structure of a twelfth-century French family: the lords 
of Seignelay', Viator 10 (1979), pp.39-56.
E. Coleman, 'Medieval marriage characteristics' in T.Rabb and R. 
Rotberg (eds.) The family in history (New York, 1973), pp.1-
15.
C. Donahue, 'The canon law on the formation of marriage and social 
practice in the later middle ages', Journal of Family History 
8 (1983), pp.144-158.
G. Duby, Medieval marriage: two models from twelfth-century France.  
	1978.
The knight, the lady and the priest.  Harmondsworth, 1983.
'Lineage, nobility and chivalry in the region of Macon during 
the twelfth century', in Forster and Ranum (eds.), Family and 
society, pp. 16-40.
M. Facinger, 'A study of medieval queenship: Capetian France, 987-
1237', Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History 5 (1968), 
pp. 1-47.
J.-L. Flandrin, Families in former times. Kinship, household and 
sexuality in early modern France.   Cambridge, 1979.
B. Geremek, The margins of society in late medieval Paris. 
Cambridge, 1987 (translation of work originally published in 
1971)  Esp. chapter 7.
R. Girard, 'Marriage in Avignon in the second half of the fifteenth 
century', Speculum 28 (1953), pp. 485-498.
B. Gottlieb, 'The meaning of clandestine marriage' in R. Wheaton 
and T. Hareven (eds.) Family and sexuality in French history 
(Philadelphia, 1980), pp. 49-83.
R. Hajdu, 'The position of noble women in the Pays des Coutumes, 
1100-1300', Journal of Family History 5 (1980), pp. 22-44.
B. Hamilton, 'Women in the crusader states: the queens of Jerusalem 
1100-1190', in Baker (ed.) Medieval women, pp. 143-174.
E.-R. Lebande, 'Conclusions au Colloquium "La femme dans les 
civilisations des Xe-XIIIe siecles"', Cahiers de Civilisation 
Medievale 20 (1977), pp. 253-260.
G. Laribiere, 'Le mariage a Toulouse aux XIVe et XVe siecles' 
Annales du Midi 79 (1967), pp. 335-361.
E. Leroy Ladurie, Montaillou, the promised land of error. tr. B. 
	Bray, 1978.
J.-A. McNamara and S.F. Wemple, 'Marriage and divorce in the 
Frankish kingdom', in Stuard (ed.) Women in medieval society, 
pp. 95-124.
J. Maillet, 'De l'exclusion coutumiere des filles dotees a la 
renonciation a succession future dans les coutumes de 
Toulouse et Bordeaux', Revue Historique de Droit Francais et 
Etranger 4th ser. 30 (1952), pp. 514-544.
H.A. Miskimin, 'Widows not so merry: women and the courts in late 
medieval France', in Mirrer (ed.), Upon my husband's death, 
pp.207-219. 
J.L. Nelson, 'Queens as Jezebels: the careers of Brunhild and 
Bathild in Merovingian history' in Baker (ed.) Medieval 
women, pp. 31-77.
	'Women at the court of Charlemagne: a case of monstrous 
regiment ?' in Parsons (ed.), Medieval Quueenship, pp. 43-61.
P. Ourliac, 'L'evolution de la condition de la femme en droit 
francais', Annales de la Faculte de Droit et des Sciences 
Economiques de Toulouse 14 (1966), pp.55-60.
A. Poulet, 'Capetian women and the regency: the genesis of a 
vocation', in Parsons (ed.) Medieval Queenship pp. 93-116.
B.B. Rezak, 'Women, seals and power in medieval France, 1150-1350', 
in Erler and Kowaleski (eds.) Women and power, pp. 61-82.
P. Stafford, Queens, concubines and dowagers. The king's wife in 
the early middle ages.  Athens, Georgia, 1983.
S.M. Stuard, 'Fashion's captives: medieval women in French 
historiography', in Stuard (ed.), Women in medieval history 
and historiography, pp.59-80.
J. Verdon, 'Note sur la femme en Limousin vers 1300', Annales du 
Midi 138 (1978), pp. 319-329.
S. Weinberger, 'Peasant households in Provence: ca.800-1100', 
Speculum 47 (1973), pp. 247-257. 


Germany and the Low Countries


R.S. DuPlessis and M.C. Howell, 'Reconsidering the early modern 
urban economy: the cases of Leiden and Lille', Past and 
Present 94 (1982), pp. 49-84.
E. Ennen, The medieval woman. tr. E. Jephcott.  Oxford, 1989.
M.C. Howell, 'Citizenship and gender: women's political status in 
northern medieval cities', in Erler and Kowaleski (eds.), 
Women and power, pp. 37-60.  
Women, production and patriarchy in late medieval cities. 
Chicago, 1986.
(with S. Wemple and D. Kaiser), 'A documented presence: 
medieval women in Germanic historiography', in Stuard (ed.) 
Women in medieval history and historiography, pp.101-131.
D. Nicholas, The domestic life of a medieval city: women, children 
and the family in medieval Ghent.  Lincoln, Nebraska and 
London, 1985.
E. Uitz, Women in the medieval town.  London, 1990.
M. Wensky, 'Women's guilds in Cologne in the later middle ages', 
The Journal of European Economic History 11 (1982)
S. Westphal-Wihl, 'The ladies' tournament: marriage, sex and honor
	in thirteenth-century Germany', in Sisters and workers, pp. 
162-189.
 M. Wiesner, 'Paltry pedlars or essential merchants ? Women in the 
distributive trades in early modern Nuremberg', The Sixteenth 
Century Journal 12 (1981)


Italy

G. Brucker, Giovanni and Lusanna: love and marriage in Renaissance 
Florence. London, 1986.
P. Cammarosano, 'Les structures familiales dans les villes d'Italie 
communale, XIIe-XIVe siecle', in Famille et Parente dans 
l'occident medievale, G.Duby and J. le Goff (eds.) (Ecole 
Francaise de Rome, 1977), pp. 182-194.
S. Chojnacki, 'Dowries and kinsmen in early Renaissance Venice', 
Journal of Interdisciplinary History 4 (1975), pp. 571-600.
'In search of the Venetian patriciate: families and factions 
in the fourteenth century', in Renaissance Venice  ed. J.R. 
Hale (London, 1974) pp.47-90.
'Kinship ties and young patricians in fifteenth-century 
Venice', Renaissance Quarterly 38 (1985), pp.240-270.
'Patrician women in early Renaissance Venice', Studies in the 
Renaissance 21 (1974), pp.176-203.
'The power of love: wives and husbands in late medieval 
Venice', in Women and power in the middle ages ed. Erler and 
Kowaleski, pp.126-148.
S. Kline Cohn Jr., The labouring classes in Renaissance Florence.  
	New York, 1980.
A. M. Crabb, 'How typical was Alessandra Macinghi Strozzi of 
	fifteenth-century  Florentine widows ?', in Mirrer (ed.), Upon 
	my husband's death,  pp. 47-68.
S. Epstein, Wills and wealth in medieval Genoa, 1150-1250. 
Cambridge, Mass. and London, 1984.
J. Heers, Family clans in the middle ages.  Amsterdam, 1977.
D. Herlihy, 'Family and property in Renaissance Florence' in The 
medieval city ed. H.A. Miskimin, D.Herlihy and  A.L. Udovich 
(New Haven, 1977), pp. 3-24.
'Land, family and women in continental Europe, 701-1200', 
Traditio 18 (1962), pp.89-120.
'The medieval marriage market', Medieval and Renaissance 
Studies 6 (1976), pp. 1-27.
'Veillir a Florence au Quattrocento', Annales E.S.C. 24 
(1969), pp. 1338-1352.
D. Herlihy and C.Klapisch-Zuber, Tuscans and their families: a 
study of the Florentine catasto of 1427  New Haven and 
London, 1985.
D. Owen Hughes, 'Domestic ideals and social behaviour: evidence 
from medieval Genoa', in The family in history ed.C.Rosenberg 
(Philadelphia, 1975), pp. 115-145.
'From brideprice to dowry in Mediterranean Europe', Journal 
of Family History 3 (1978), pp. 262-296.
'Invisible madonnas ? The Italian historiographic tradition 
and the women of medieval Italy', in Stuard (ed.) Women in 
medieval history and historiography, pp. 25-57.
'Kinsmen and neighbours in medieval Genoa', in Miskimin etc. 
(eds.) The medieval city, pp.95-112.
'Urban growth and family structure in medieval Genoa', Past 
and Present 66 (1975), pp. 3-28.
F.W. Kent, Household and lineage in Renaissance Florence: the 
family life of the Capponi, Ginori and Rucellai.  Princeton, 
1977.
M.L. King, 'Caldiera and the Barbaros on marriage and the family: 
humanist reflections on Venetian realities', Journal of 
Medieval and Renaissance Studies 6 (1976), pp. 19-50.
J. Kirshner, Pursuing honor while avoiding sin: the Monte delle 
Doti of Florence.  Milan, 1978.
'Wives' claims against insolvent husbands in late medieval 
Italy', in Women of the medieval world ed. Kirshner and 
Wemple pp.256-303.
J. Kirshner and A. Molho, 'The dowry fund and the marriage market 
in early Quattrocento Florence', Journal of Modern History 50 
(1978), pp. 403-438. 
C. Klapisch-Zuber, Women, family and ritual in Renaissance 
	Florence. Chicago and London, 1985. 
See especially the following articles:- 'State and family in 
a Renaissance society: the Florentine catasto of 1427', pp. 
1-22.
'Kin, friends and neighbours: the urban territory of a 
merchant family in 1400', pp. 68-93.
'Childhood in Tuscany at the beginning of the fifteenth 
century', pp. 94-116.
'The "cruel mother": maternity, widowhood and dowry in 
Florence in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries',  pp. 
117-131.
'Blood parents and milk parents: wet nursing in Florence, 
1300-1530', pp. 132-164. 
'Female celibacy and service in Florence in the fifteenth 
century', pp. 165-177.
'Zacharias or the ousted father: nuptial rites in Tuscany 
between Giotto and the Council of Trent', pp. 178-212.
'The Griselda complex: dowry and marriage gifts in the 
Quattrocento', pp. 213-246.
T. Kuehn, '"Cum consensu mundualdi": legal guardianship of women in 
Quattrocento Florence', Viator 13 (1982), pp. 309-333.
Emancipation in late medieval Florence.  New Brunswick, 1982.
	Law, family and women: toward a legal anthropology of 
Renaissance Italy.  Chicago and London, 1991.
J. Larner, 'The family' chapter 6 of his Italy in the age of Dante 
and Petrarch (London, 1980), pp.59-82.
L. Martines, 'A way of looking at women in Renaissance Florence', 
Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 4 (1974), pp.15-
28.
A. Molho, 'Deception and marriage strategy in Renaissance Florence: 
the case of women's ages',  Renaissance Quarterly 41 (1988), 
pp.193-218.
M.M. Newett, 'The sumptuary laws of Venice in the fourteenth and 
fifteenth centuries', in Historical Essays ed. T.F.Tout and 
J.Tait (Manchester, 1907), pp. 245-278.
I. Origo, 'The domestic enemy: the eastern slaves in Tuscany in the 
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Speculum 30 (1955), pp. 
321-366.
M. Phillips, The memoir of Marco Parenti: a life in Medici 
Florence. Princeton and Guildford, 1987.
D.E. Queller and T.F.Madden, 'Father of the bride: fathers, 
daughters and dowries in late medieval and early renaissance 
Venice', Renaissance Quarterly 46 (1993), pp.685-733.
D. Romano, 'Charity and community in early Renaissance Venice', 
Journal of Urban History ll (1984), pp. 63-82.
Patricians and popolani: the social foundations of the 
Venetian Renaissance state.  Baltimore and London, 1987.
E.G. Rosenthal, 'The position of women in Renaissance Florence: 
neither autonomy nor subjection', in Florence and Italy: 
Renaissance studies in honour of Nicolai Rubinstein ed. P. 
Denley and C. Elam (London, 1988) pp. 369-381.
J.B. Ross, 'The middle class child in urban Italy, fourteenth to 
early sixteenth centuries', in L. deMause (ed.), The history 
of childhood. (New York, 1974), pp. 183-228.
S.M. Stuard, 'Women in charter and statute law: medieval 
Ragusa/Dubrovnik', in Stuard (ed.), Women in medieval 
society, pp. 199-208.
R.C. Trexler, 'In search of a father: the experience of abandonment 
in the recollections of Giovanni di Pagolo Morelli', The 
History of Childhood Quarterly 3 (1975), pp.225-252.
'The foundlings of Florence, 1395-1455', History of Childhood 
Quarterly 1 (1973), pp.259-284.
E. Ward Swain, '"My most excellent and singular lord": marriage in 
a noble family of fifteenth-century Italy',  Journal of 
Medieval and Renaissance Studies 16 (1986), pp. 171-195.


Spain

R. Collins, 'Queens dowager and queens regent in tenth-century Leon 
and Navarre', in Parsons (ed.) Medieval Queenship pp.79-92.
H. Dillard, Daughters of the Reconquest: women in Castilian town 
society, 1100-1500. Cambridge, 1984.
'Women in reconquest Castile: the fueros of Sepulveda and 
Cuenca', in Stuard (ed.), Women in medieval society, pp. 71-
94.
C. Estow, "Widows in the chronicles of late medieval Castile', in 
Mirrer (ed.), Upon my husband's death, pp. 153-167.
P. Reilly, The kingdom of Leon-Castile under queen Urraca, 1109-
1126.  Princeton, 1982.


WOMEN AND WORK

A. Abram, 'Women traders in medieval London', Economic Journal 26 
(1916), pp. 276-285.
J.M. Bennett, 'The village ale-wife: women and brewing in 
fourteenth-century England', in Hanawalt (ed.) Women and 
work, pp.20-36.
J.M. Bennett and others (eds.), Sisters and workers in the middle 
ages.  Chicago and London,1989.   
W. N. Bonds, 'Genoese noble women and gold thread manufacturing', 
Medievalia et Humanistica 17 (1966), pp. 79-81.
D. Bornstein, 'Women at work in the fifteenth century', Fifteenth 
Century Studies 6 (1983), pp. 33-40.
J.C. Brown, 'A woman's place was in the home: women's work in 
Renaissance Tuscany', in M.W. Ferguson, M. Quilligan and 
N.J.Vickers (eds.) Rewriting the Renaissance: the discourses 
of sexual difference in early modern Europe (Chicago, 1986), 
pp. 206-214.
J.C. Brown and J. Goodman, 'Women and industry in Florence', 
Journal of Economic History 40 (1980), pp.73-80.
K. Casey, 'The Cheshire cat: reconstructing the experience of 
medieval women', in Liberating women's history ed. 
B.A.Carroll (Urbana, Cicago, London, 1976), 
L. Charles and L. Duffin, Women and work in pre-industrial England.  
London, 1985.
E. Dixon, 'Craftswomen in the Livre des metiers', Economic Journal 
5 (1895) pp.209-228. 
P.J.P. Goldberg, 'Female labour, service and marriage in northern 
towns during the later middle ages', Northern History 22 
(1986), pp.18-38.
'Marriage, migration, servanthood and life-cycle in Yorkshire 
towns of the later middle ages', Continuity and Change 1 
(1986), pp.141-169.
Women, work and life cycle in a medieval economy: women in 
York and Yorkshire, c.1300-1520.  Oxford, 1992.
'Women's work, women's role, in the late medieval north', in 
Profit, piety and the professions in later medieval England 
ed. M.A.Hicks (Gloucester, 1990), pp.34-50.
H.Graham, '"A woman's work...":labour and gender in the late 
medieval countryside', in Woman is a worthy wight, pp.126-148
B.A. Hanawalt (ed.), Women and work in pre-industrial Europe.  
Bloomington, Indiana, 1986.
'Peasant women's contribution to the home economy in late 
medieval England' in Women and work pp. 3-19.
D.Herlihy, Opera muliebra: women and work in medieval Europe.  New 
	York, London, 1990.
R.H. Hilton, Class conflict and the crisis of feudalism. 1985 
	(pp.194-215)
The English peasantry in the later middle ages. Oxford, 1975, 
(pp.95-110)
M.C. Howell, 'Women, the family economy, and the structures of 
market production in cities of northern Europe in the late 
middle ages', Hanawalt (ed.) Women and work, pp. 198-222.
Women, production and patriarchy in late medieval cities  
Chicago and London, 1986.
G. Jehel, 'le role des femmes et du milieu familial a Genes dans 
les activites commerciales au cours de la premiere moitie du 
XIIIe siecle', Revue d'histoire economique et sociale 53 
(1975), pp.193-215
C. Klapisch-Zuber, 'Women servants in Florence during the 
fourteenth ands fifteenth centuries',  in Hanawalt (ed.) 
Women and Work, pp.56-80.
M. Kowaleski, 'Women's work in a market town: Exeter in the late 
fourteenth century', in Hanawalt, Women and work, pp. 145-
164.
	and J.M.Bennett, 'Crafts, gilds and women in the middle 
ages', in Sisters and workers, pp.11-25. 
K. Lacey, 'Women and work in fourteenth and fifteenth-century 
London', in Charles and Duffin (eds.), Women and work, pp.
C. Middleton, 'The sexual division of labour in feudal England' New 
Left Review 113-4 (1979), 
L.L. Otis, 'Municipal wet nurses in fifteenth-century Montpellier', 
in Hanawalt (ed.) Women and work, pp.83-93. 
S.C.A. Penn, 'Female wage-earners in late fourteenth-century 
England', Agricultural History Review 35 (1987), pp.1-14.
K. Reyerson, 'Women in business in medieval Montpellier' in 
Hanawalt (ed.) Women and work, pp. 117-144.
S.M. Stuard, 'To town to serve: urban domestic slavery in medieval 
Ragusa', in Hanawalt (ed.) Women and work, pp. 39-55.
M.E. Wiesner, 'Early modern midwifery: a case study', in Hanawalt 
(ed.) Women and work pp. 94-113.

WOMEN AND CRIME


Y.B.  Brissaud, 'L'infanticide a la fin du moyen age', Revue 
Historique du Droit Francais et Etranger 50 (1972), pp. 229-
256.
S. Chojnacki, 'Crime, punishment and the Trecento Venetian state', 
in L. Martines (ed.) Violence and civil disorder in Italian 
cities, 1200-1500. (Berkeley, California, 1972), pp.184-228.
E. Coleman, 'Infanticide in the early middle ages', in Stuard 
(ed.), Women in medieval society, pp. 47-70. 
N. Gonthier, 'Delinquants ou victimes, les femmes dans la societe 
lyonnaise du XVe siecle', Revue Historique 271 (1984), pp. 
25-46.
B.A.Hanawalt, 'Community, conflict and social control: crime in the 
Ramsey villages', Medieval Studies 39 (1977), pp.402-423.
Crime and conflict in English communities, 1300-1348.  
Cambridge, Mass., 1979.
'The female felon in fourteenth-century England', Viator 5 
(1974) pp. 253-268 and in Stuard (ed.) Women in Medieval 
Society, pp.125-140.
'The peasant family and crime in fourteenth-century England', 
Journal of British Studies 13 (1974), pp. 1-18.
'Violent death in fourteenth and fifteenth-century England', 
Comparative Studies in Society and History  18 (1976), 
pp.297-320
R.H. Helmholz, 'Infanticide in the province of Canterbury during 
the fifteenth century' History of Childhood Quarterly 2 
(1974-5), pp.282-390.  
B.A. Kellum, 'Infanticide in England in the later middle ages', 
History of Childhood Quarterly 1 (1973-4), pp. 367-388.
E. Pavan, 'Police des moeurs, societe et politique a Venise a la 
fin du  moyen-age', Revue Historique 536 (1980), pp.241-288.
G. Ruggiero, The boundaries of Eros: sex crime and sexuality in 
Renaissance Venice.   Oxford, 1985.
'Sexual criminality in the early Renaissance: Venice 1338-
1358', Journal of Social History 8 (1974-5), pp.18-37.
Violence in early Renaissance Venice.  New Brunswick, N.J., 
1980. 
R. Trexler, 'Infanticide in Florence: new sources and first 
results', History of Childhood Quarterly 1 (1973), pp.98-116.
S.S. Walker, 'Convicted ravishers: statutory strictures and actual 
practice in thirteenth and fourteenth-century England', 
Journal of Medieval History 13 (1987), pp. 237-250.


PROSTITUTION


V.L. Bullough, 'The prostitute in the middle ages', Studies in 
Medieval Culture 10 (1977), pp. 9-17.
J.A. Brundage, 'Prostitution in medieval canon law', in Sisters and 
workers, pp. 79-99.
R. Mazo Karras, 'The regulation of brothels in late medieval 
England', in Sisters and workers, pp. 100-134. 
L.L. Otis, Prostitution in medieval society: the history of an 
urban institution in Languedoc. Chicago and London, 1985.
'Prostitution and repentence in late medieval Perpignan', in 
Kirshner and Wemple (eds.), Women of the medieval world, 
pp.137-160.
J. Rossiaud, Medieval prostitution.  Oford, 1988.
R. Trexler, 'La prostitution florentine au XVe siecle: patronages 
et clienteles', Annales E.S.C. 36 (1981), pp.983-1015.


WOMEN AND RELIGION 


SOURCES IN TRANSLATION

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	London.
B. Millett ans J.Wogan-Browne (eds.), Medieval English Prose for 
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GENERAL

R.M. Bell, Holy Anorexia.  Chicago, 1985.
C.Walker Bynum, Holy Feast and Holy Fast: the religious 
significance of food to medieval women.  Berkeley, Los Angeles 
and London, 1987
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Ages.  Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1982.
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century', Women's Studies 11 (1984), pp. 179-214.
M. Clayton, The cult of the Virgin Mary in Anglo-Saxon England. 
Cambridge, 1990.
M. Glasscoe, English medieval mystics. London, 1993. 
M. Goodich, Vita perfecta: the ideal of sainthood in the thirteenth 
century.  Stuttgart, 1982.
'Contours of female piety in later medieval hagiography', 
Church History 50 (1981), pp. 20-32.
J. Bolton Holloway, J. Bechtold and C.S.Wright (eds.), Equally in 
God's image. (a collection of essays)   New York, London, 1990. 
A.M.Lucas, Women in the Middle Ages: religion, marriage and 
letters.     Brighton, 1983.
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Religious Women.  Kalamazoo, 1987.
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of Medieval History 4 (1978), pp.3-34.
M.Warner, Alone of all her sex.  The myth and cult of the Virgin 
Mary.  London, 1976.
D.Weinstein and R.M.Bell, Saints and society: the two worlds of 
western Christendom, 1000-1700.  Chicago, 1982.


NUNS

C.W. Atkinson, '"Precious balsam in a fragile glass": the ideology 
of virginity in the later middle ages', Journal of Family 
History 8 (1983), pp. 131-143.    
M. Bateson, 'The origins and early history of double monasteries', 
T.R.H.S. new series 12 (1899), pp. 137-98.
A.F.C. Bourdillon, The order of Minoresses in England.  Manchester, 
	1926.
R.M.Clay,  The hermits and anchorites of England.  London, 1914.
E.Colledge, The medieval mystics of England.  1961.
G. Constable, 'Ailred of Rievaulx and the nun of Watton: an episode 
in the history of the Gilbertine order', in D. Baker (ed.) 
Medieval Women, pp. 205-226.
G.S.Daichman, Wayward nuns in medieval literature.  Syracuse, New 
	York, 1986.
E.J. Dobson, The origins of the Ancrene Wisse.  Oxford, 1976.
L. Eckenstein, Women under monasticism.  Cambridge, 1896, reprinted 
	1955.
S.K.Elkins, Holy women of twelfth-century England. Univ. of N. 
Carolina Press, 1988.
R. Graham, St. Gilbert of Sempringham and the Gilbertines: a 
history of the only English monastic order.  London, 1901.
C.V.Graves, 'English Cistercian nuns in Lincolnshire', Speculum  54 
(1979), pp. 492-499.
N. Hunt, 'Notes on the history of Benedictine and Cistercian nuns 
in Britain', Cistercian Studies 8 (1973), pp. 157-177.
C. Neel, 'The origin of the beguines', in Sisters and workers, 
pp.240-260.
E. Power, Medieval English nunneries, 1275-1535. Cambridge, 1922.
P.R.Roberts, 'Stephen Langton's Sermo de Virginibus', in J. 
Kirshner and S.F.Wemple (eds.), Women in medieval society, pp. 
103-118.
J. Tibbets Shulenburg, 'Women's monastic communities 500-1100: 
patterns of expansion and decline' in Sisters and workers pp. 
208-239.
S. Thompson, Women religious: the founding of English nunneries 
after the Norman conquest.  Oxford, 1991.
A.K.Warren, Anchorites and their patrons in medieval England.  
Berkeley, California, 1985.
B.Yorke, '"Sisters under the skin" ? Ango-Saxon nuns and nunneries 
	in southern England', in Medieval women in Southern England, 
	pp. 95-117.
A. Zetterstein (ed.), English text of the Ancrene Riwle.  Oxford, 
	1976.
C.J.Holdsworth, 'Christina of Markyate', in D. Baker (ed.) Medieval 
Women, pp. 185-204.
P.F. Chambers (ed.) Juliana of Norwich: an introductory 
appreciation of an interpretative anthology.  New York, 1955.
E. Colledge and J. Walsh, 'Editing Julian of Norwich's revelations: 
a progress report',  Medieval Studies  38 (1976), pp. 404-427.
P. Molinari, Julian of Norwich, the teachings of a fourteenth-
century mystic. London, 1958.
B.A. Windeatt, 'Julian of Norwich and her audience', Review of 
English Studies new ser. 28 (1977), pp.1-17.


ITALY

C.Boyd, A Cistercian nunnery in medieval Italy: the story of 
Riffredo in Saluzzo.  Cambridge, Mass., 1943.
J.C. Brown, Immodest acts. The life of a Lesbian nun in Renaissance 
Italy. Oxford, 1986.
K. Gill, 'Open monasteries for women in late ,medieval and early 
modern Italy: two Roman examples', in Monson (ed.), The 
crannied wall, pp.15-47. 
J. Martin, 'Out of the shadow: heretical and catholic women in 
Renaissance Venice', Journal of Family History  10 (1985), 
pp.21-33.
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early modern Europe. Ann Arbor, 1992.
E. Petroff, The consolation of the blessed: women saints in 
medieval Tuscany. New York, 1980.
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Florence', Annales E.S.C. 27 (1972), pp. 1329-1350.
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wall', in Monson (ed.) The crannied wall, pp. 49-72. 
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and patronage of a major female monastery in Northern Italy', 
in J.Kirshner and S.F.Wemple (eds.), Women in medieval society, 
pp.85-102.
The life of St Catherine of Siena by Blessed Raymond of Capua. Tr. 
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Clare.  Philadelphia, 1910.
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Women, pp.275-287.


FRANCE

B. Bolton, 'Mulieres sanctae', in D.Baker (ed.) Studies in Church 
History 10 (1973), pp. 77-85, repinted in S.M.Stuard (ed.)Women 
in medieval society, pp.141-158.
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(ed.), Medieval women, pp.253-273.
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graphical romances of the thirteenth century. Philadelphia, PA, 
1991.
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century', Cistercian Studies 5 (1970), pp. 169-187.
P. Geary, 'Saint Helen of Athyra and the cathedral of Troyes in the 
thirteenth century', Journal of Medieval and Renaissance 
Studies 7 (1977), 149-168.
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experience in twelfth-century France.  Chicago, 1985.
P.D. Johnson, Equal in monastic profession: religious women in 
medieval France.  Chicago and London, 1991.
M.-T. Lorcin,  'Retraite des veuves et filles au couvent: quelques 
aspects de la condition feminine a la fin du Moyen Age', 
Annales de demographie historique (1975), pp. 187-204.
E.W. McDonnell, The beguines and beghards in medieval culture. 
Rutgers, 1954. 
T.P. McLaughlin, 'Abelard's rule for religious women', Medieval 
Studies 18 pp. 241-292.
S. Roisin, 'L'efflorescence cistercienne et le courant feminin de 
piete au XIIIe siecle', Revue d'histoire ecclesiastique 39 
(1943), pp. 342-378.
J. Smith, 'Robert of Arbrissel's relations with women', in D. Baker 
(ed.), Medieval Women, pp. 175-184.
S. Thompson, 'The problem of the Cistercian nuns in the twelfth and 
early thirteenth centuries', in  . Baker (ed.) Medieval Women, 
pp.227-252.
J. Verdon, 'Les moniales dans la France de l'Ouest aux XIe et XIIe 
siecles. Etude d'histoire sociale', Cahiers de civilisation 
medievale 19 (1976), pp. 247-264.
'Recherches sur les monasteres feminins dans la France du Sud 
aux IXe-XIe siecles', Annales du Midi 88 (1976), pp. 117-138.



GERMANY

C. Walker Bynum, Jesus as mother: studies in the spirituality if 
the High Middle Ages.  Berkeley, California, 1982.
A.L. Clark, Elizabeth of Schonau, a twelfth-century visionary. 
Philadelphia, PA, 1992.
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M.Colman O'Dell, 'Elizabeth of Schonau and Hildegard of 
Bingen:prophets of the Lord', in Nichols and Shank, Peace 
Weavers, pp.85-102.

LAY PIETY

C.A.J.Armstrong, 'The piety of Cecily, duchess of York', in his 
England,France and Burgundy in the fifteenth century (London, 
1983)
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C. Burgess, '"By Quick and by Dead": wills and pious provision in 
late medieval Bristol', English Historical Review 102 (1987), 
pp.837-858.
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the Professions in Later Medieval England (Gloucester, 1990), 
pp. 14-33.
P.H.Callum, '"And hir name was charite": charitable giving by and 
for women in late medieval Yorkshire', in Woman is a worthy 
wight, pp. 182-211.
A. Crawford, 'The piety of late-medieval English queens', C.Barron 
and C. Harper-Bill (eds.), The Church in Pre-Reformation 
society: Essays in Honor of F.R.H. du Boulay  (Woodbridge, 
1985), pp. 48-57.
D.L. d'Avray and M. Tausche, 'Marriage sermons in ad status 
collections of the central middle ages', Archives d'histoire 
doctrinale et litteraire du moyen age  47 (1980), pp. 71-119.
S. Epstein, Wills and wealth in medieval Genoa, 1150-1250. 
Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1984. 
S.Farmer, 'Persuasive voices; clerical images of medieval wives', 
Speculum 61 (1986), pp. 517-543.
R. Finucane, Miracles and pilgrims. Popular beliefs in medieval 
England.  London, 1977. 
P.W. Fleming, 'Charity, faith and the gentry of Kent, 1422-1529', 
in A.J.Pollard (ed.) Property and politics, (Gloucester, 1984), 
pp.36-58.
R. Gilchrist, '"Blessed art thou among women': the archaeology of 
female piety', in Woman is a worthy wight, pp.212-226.
M. Goodich, 'Ancilla Dei: the servant as saint in the late middle 
ages', in J.Kirshner and S.F.Wemple (eds.), Women of the 
medieval world, pp.119-136. 
P. Heath, 'Urban piety in the later Middle Ages: the evidence of 
Hull wills', in R.F. Dobson (ed.), The Church, Politics and 
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M.A. Hicks, 'The piety of Margaret, lady Hungerford (d. 1478)', 
Journal of Ecclesiastical History 38 (1987), pp. 19-38.
N.-N. Huyhebaert, 'Les femme laiques dans la vue religieuse des XIe 
et XIIe siecles dans la province ecclesiastique de Reims', in I 
laici nella Societas Christiana dei secoli XI-XII (Milan, 
1968), pp.346-389.
T.M. Izbicki, 'Pyres of vanities: mendicant preaching on the vanity 
of women and its lay audience', in Thomas L. Amos, Eugene A. 
Green and Beverly Maine Kienzle (eds.), De ore domini: preacher 
and word in the middle ages.  Kalamazoo, Michigan, 1989. pp. 
211-234.
J. Mundy, 'Charity and social work in Toulouse, 1100-1250', 
Traditio 22 (1966)
R.G. Musto, 'Queen Sancia of Naples (1286-1345) and the Spiritual 
Franciscans', in J. Kirshner and S.F. Wemple (eds.) Women of 
the Medieval World pp. 179-214.
I. Origo, The world of San Bernardino.
J. Rosenthal, The purchase of paradise, gift giving and the 
aristocracy, 1307-1485.  London, 1972.
M.M. Sheehan, The will in medieval England.  Toronto, 1963.
S.T. Strocchia, 'Remembering the family: women, kin and 
commemorative masses in Renaissance Florence', Renaissance 
Quarterly 42 (1989), pp. 635-654.
N.P. Tanner, The church in late medieval Norwich, 1370-1532.  
	Toronto, 1984.
J.A.F. Thomson, 'Piety and charity in late medieval London', 
Journal of Ecclesiastical History 16 (1965), pp.178-195.
E.M.G. Underwood, 'Politics and piety in the household of Lady 
Margaret Beaufort', Journal of Ecclesiastical History  38 
(1987), pp.39-52.
K. Cholmeley, Margery Kempe, genius and mystic.  London, 1947.
L. Collis, Memoirs of a medieval women; the life and times of 
Margery Kempe (The Apprentice Saint)  London, New York, 1946.
A. Goodman, 'The piety of John Brunham's daughter of Lynn', in D. 
Baker (ed.), Medieval Women, pp.347-358.



HERETICAL MOVEMENTS

R.Abels and E. Harrison, 'The participation of women in 
Languedocian Catharism',  Medieval Studies  41 (1979), pp. 215-
251.
M. Aston, 'Lollard women priests ?', Journal of Ecclesiastical 
History 31 (1980), pp. 441-461, reprinted in her Lollards and 
reformers, pp.49-70.
M.C. Barber, 'Women and Catharism', Reading Medieval Studies 3 
(1977), pp.45-62.
C.Cross, '"great reasoners in scripture": the activities of women 
Lollards, 1380-1530' in D. Baker (ed.) Medieval Women, pp. 359-
380.
E. Leroy Ladurie, Montaillou: Cathars and Catholics in a French 
village, 1294-1324. London, 1978.
E.McLaughlin, 'Les femmes et l'heresie medievale: un probleme dans 
l'histoire de la spiritualite', Concilium 111 (1976), pp.73-90.    
S. Wessley, 'The thirteenth-century Guglielmites: salvation through 
women', in D.Baker (ed.) Medieval Women pp. 289-303.

WITCHCRAFT

S.Anglo, 'Evident authority and authoritative evidence: the malleus 
maleficarum', in S.Anglo (ed.), The damned art: essays in the 
literature of witchcraft (London, 1977)
N.Cohn, Europe's inner demons: an enquiry inspired by the great 
witch hunt.  New York, 1975.
R. Kieckhefer, European witch trials: their foundations in learned 
and popular culture, 1300-1500.  Berkeley and Los Angeles, 
1976.
C.Larner, Enemies of God: the witch in Scotland.  London, 1981.
J.B. Russell, Withcraft in the Middle Ages.  Ithaca, 1972.




WOMEN AND LITERATURE


A. Crawford (ed.), Letters of the Queens of England 1100-1547. 
Stroud, 1994.
P. Dronke, Women writers of the middle ages. A critical study of 
texts from Perpetua (+203) to Marguerite Porete (+1310)  
Cambridge, 1984.
A.M.Lucas, Women in the Middle Ages. Religion, marriage and 
letters. Brighton, 1983.
K.M.Wilson, Medieval women writers.  Athens, Georgia, and 
	Manchester, 1984.
A. Barrett, Women's writing in middle English (an anthology). 
	London, 1992.
K. Cherwatuk and U. Wiethaus (eds.),Dear Sister-medieval women and 
	the epistolary genre. (Collection of essays) Philadelphia, 
	1993. 
C.L.Meale (ed.) Women and literature in Britain 1150-1500. 
	(Collection of essays) Cambridge,1993.


THE EDUCATION OF WOMEN

J.M.Ferrante, 'The education of women in the middle ages in theory, 
fact and fancy', in P. Labalme (ed.) Beyond their sex: learned 
women of the European past, (New York and London, 1980) pp. 9-
42.
D.K.Gardiner, A study of women's education through twelve 
centuries.  London, 1929.
A.F. Leach, 'The medieval education of women in England', Journal 
of Education 42 (1910), pp. 838-841.


ATTITUDES TO WOMEN  

B.Bandel, 'The English chronicler's attitude toward women', Journal 
of the History of Ideas 16 (1955), pp.113-118.
E. Cropper, 'The beauty of women: problems in the rhetoric of 
Renaissance portraiture',  in M.Ferguson, M.Quilligan and N. 
Vickers (eds.), Rewriting the Renaissance (Chicago, 1984), pp. 
206-224.
C. Frugoni, 'L'iconographie de la femme au cours des Xe-XIIe 
siecles', Cahiers de civilisation medievale 20 (1977), pp. 177-
188.
K.Gravdal, Ravishing maidens-writing rape in medieval French 
literature and law.  Philadelphia, 1991.
M. Hallissy, Clean Maids, True Wives, Steadfast Widows: Chaucer's 
Women and Medieval Codes of Conduct.  Westport,CT and London, 
1993.

WOMEN AND THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE 

M.L.King and A.Rabil Jr. (eds. and trs.), Her immaculate hand. 
Selected works by and about the women humanists of Quattrocento 
Italy.  Binghamton, New York, 1983.
P.J.Benson, The invention of the Renaissance woman: the challenge 
of female independence in the literature and thought of Italy 
and England. University Park, PA, 1992.
M.C. Brown, 'Le insaciabile desiderio nostro de cose antiche: new 
documents on Isabella d'Este's collection of antiques', in C.H. 
Clough (ed.) Cultural aspects of the Italian Renaissance 
(Manchester, 1976), pp. 324-353.
A. Grafton and L.Jardine, From humanism to the humanities. London, 
1986.  Chapter 2, 'Women humanists : education for what ?', pp. 
29-57.
W.L. Gundersheimer, 'Bartolomeo Goggio: a feminist in Renaissance 
Ferrara', Renaissance Quarterly 33 (1980), pp. 175-200.
'Women, learning and power: Eleanor of Aragon and the court of 
Ferrara', 
in Labalme (ed.) Beyond their sex, pp.43-65.
J. Kelly, 'Did women have a Renaissance ?' in R.Bridenthal and C. 
Koonz (eds.), Becoming visible: women in European history and 
reprinted in Kelly's, Women, history and theory (Chicago and 
London, 1984), pp.19-50.
M.L.King, 'Book-lined cells: women and humanism in the early 
Italian Renaissance', in Labalme, Beyond their sex, pp.66-90. 
Also in A.Rabil Jr. (ed.), Renaissance Humanism  (Philadelphia, 
1988), Vol.I, pp.434-454.
'Goddess and captive: Antonio Loschi's poetic tribute to 
Maddalena Scrovegni (1389). Study and text.', Medievalia et 
humanistica new ser. 10 (1980), pp. 103-127.
'The religious retreat of Isotta Nogarola (1418-1466): Sexism 
and its consequences in the fifteenth century', Signs 3 (1978), 
pp.807-822.
'Thwarted ambitions: six learned women of the Italian 
Renaissance', Soundings 59 (1976), pp.280-304.
P.O.Kristeller, 'Learned women of early modern Italy: humanists and 
university scholars', in Labalme (ed.), Beyond their sex, 
pp.91-116.
P.H. Labalme (ed.), Beyond their sex: learned women of the European 
past.  New York, 1980.
A. Rabil Jr., Laura Cereta: quattrocento humanist.  Binghamton, 
	1981.
D.M. Robathan, 'A fifteenth-century bluestocking', Medievalia et 
Humanistica 2 (1944), pp.106-111.
M.F. Rosenthal, 'Veronica Franco's Terze Rime: the Venetian 
courtesan's defense', Renaissance Quarterly 42 91989), pp. 227-
257.

FRANCE

Andreas Capellanus, The art of courtly love. Tr. J.J.Parry, New 1
	York, 1941.
Marie de France, French medieval romances from the Lays of Marie de  
France. Paris, l924, reprinted New York, 1975.
Marie de France, Lais.  ed. A. Ewart, Oxford, 1944
Marie de France, Fables. Selected and ed. by A.Ewart and 
R.C.Johnston, Oxford, 1942. 
The lais of Marie de France (ed. J.M. Ferrante and R.W. Hanning), 
New York, 1978, also Durham, N.C., 1982.
P.L.Allen, The art of love, amatory fiction from Ovid to the 
Romance of the Rose.  Philadelphia, 1992.
J.H. Benton, 'The Court of Champagne as a literary centre', 
Speculum 36 (1961), pp. 551-591.
'Clio and Venus: an historical view of medieval love', in 
F.X.Newman (ed.), The meaning of courtly love  (Albany, 1968), 
pp.19-42.
'The evidence for Andreas Capellanus re-examined again', 
Studies in Philology 59 (1962), pp. 471-8.
R. Boase, The origin and meaning of courtly love.  Manchester, 
	1977.
M. Bogin, Women troubadors.  New York, 1979.
S.F.Damon, 'Marie de France, psychologist of courtly love', PMLA 44 
(1929), pp. 968-996.
J. Ferrante, Woman as image in medieval literature.  New York, 
	1975.
A. Kelly, 'Eleanor of Aquitaine and her courts of love', Speculum 
12 (1937), pp. 3-19.
J. Kelly, 'Early feminist theory and the querelle des femmes, 1400-
1789', Signs 8 (1982), pp.4-28.
M.N. Lefay-Toury, 'Roman breton et mythes courtois: l'evolution du 
personnage feminin dans les romans du Chretien de Troyes', 
Cahiers de Civilisation Medievale 15 (1972), pp. 193-204, 283-
293.
A. MacMillan, 'Men's weapons, women's war: the Nine Female 
Worthies, 1400-1600',  Medievalia 5 (1979), pp. 113-139.
M.M. McLaughlin, 'Peter Abelard and the dignity of women' in Pierre 
Abelard, Pierre le Venerable: Colloques internationaux du 
Centre de la recherche scientifique, Abbaye de Cluny, 2-9 
juillet 1972 (Paris, 1975), pp. 287-334.
E. J. Mickel Jr., 'A reconsideration of the Lais of Marie de 
France', Speculum 46 (1971), pp. 39-65.
P. Noble, 'The character of Guinevere in the Arthurian romances of 
Chretien de Troyes', The Modern Language Review 67 (1982), pp. 
524-535.
W.D.Paden (ed.), The voise of the Trobairitz: perspectives on the 
women troubadours. Philadelphia, 1989.
A. Petit, 'Le traitement courtois du theme des Amazones d'apres 
trois romans antiques: Eneas, Troyes et Alexandre', Le Moyen 
Age 89 (1983), pp. 63-84.
M.Shapiro, 'The Provencal trobaritz and the limits of courtly 
love', Signs 3 (1977-8), pp. 560-571.
J. Stevens, 'The grantz biens of Marie de France', in J.Lawlord 
(ed.), Patterns of Love and Courtesy (Evanston, 1965), pp.1-25.



CHRISTINE DE PIZAN

Christine de Pisan, A city of ladies.  Tr. E.R.Jeffries, Persea, 
	New York, 1982, 1990.
A medieval woman's mirror of honor.  (tr. and introd. 
C.C.Willard)  Persea, New York, 1989.
Christine de Pizan's letter of Othea to Hector. (ed. and tr. 
J.Chance), Newburyport, Mass., 1990.
The treasure of the city of ladies, or the book of the three 
virtues.  tr.S.Lawson.  Penguin, 1985.
The epistle of Othea, (ed. C.F.Buhler), London, 1970.
The book of fayttes of armes and chyvalerye. (ed. A.T.P. Byles) 
London, 1937.
Balades, rondeaux and virelais,  (ed. K.Varty) Leicester, 1965.
The book of the duke of true lovers.  (tr. and introd. Thelma 
S. Fenster)  Persea, New York, 1991.
Thelma S.Fenster and M.C.Erler (eds.), Poems of Cupid, God of Love.  
Leiden, 1990.
S.Groag Bell, 'Christine de Pizan (1364-1430): humanism and the 
problems of a studious woman', Feminist Studies  3 (1976), pp. 
173-184.
J.Davis, 'Christine de Pizan and chauvinist diplomacy', Feminist 
Studies 6 (1972), pp. 116-122.
D. Bornstein, Ideals for women in the work of Christine de Pizan.  
Detroit, 1982.
M.A. Ignatius, 'Christine de Pizan's Epistre Othea: an experiment 
in literary form', Medievalia et Humanistica n.s.9 (1979), 
pp.127-142.
T.B. Lynn, 'The Dittie de Jeanne d'Arc: its political, feminist and 
aesthetic significance', Fifteenth Century Studies 1 
(1978),pp.149-157.
E. McLeod, The Order of the Rose, the life and ideas of Christine 
de Pizan.  London, 1976.
M. Quilligan, The allegory of female authority: Christine de 
Pizan's Cite des Dames. Ithaca and London, 1991.
E.J.Richards, Reinterpreting Christine de Pizan. (Collection of 
	essays) Athens, GA and London, 1992.
S. Solente, Christine de Pisan.  Paris, 1969.
C.C. Willard, 'A fifteenth-century view of women's role in medieval 
society: Christine de Pizan's Livre des trois vertus', in 
R.T.Morewedge (ed.), The role of women in the middle ages 
(Albany, NY, 1975), pp.90-120.
	Christine de Pizan, her ;life and works.  New York, 1984.
'The manuscript tradition of the Livre des Trois Vertus and 
Christine de Pizan's audience', Journal of the History of Ideas 
27 (1966), pp.433-444.


INDIVIDUAL WOMEN

Heloise

B.Radice (ed.), The letters of Abelard and Heloise. Penguin, 1974.
H.Morton (ed.), The love letters of Abelard and Heloise. 10th ed., 
London, 1937.
C.K.Scott Moncrieff, The letters of Abelard and Heloise. London, 
1925.
J.T. Muckle (ed.), The story of Abelard's adversities. Toronto, 
1964.
J.F.Benton, 'Fraud, fiction and borrowing in the corespondence of 
Abelard and Heloise', in Pierre Abelard-Pierre le Venerable 
E. Gilson, Heloise and Abelard.  London, 1970.
E.McCleod, Heloise.  London, 1971.
M.M.McLaughlin, 'Abelard as autobiographer the motives and meaning 
of his Story of Calamities', Speculum 42 (1967), pp.463-488.
R. Pernoud, Abelard and Heloise. London, 1973.
R.W.Southern, 'The letters of Abelard and Heloise', in Medieval 
humanism and other studies  (Oxford, 1970), pp.86-104.

Blanche of Castile

R. Pernoud,  Blanche of Castile.  London, 1975.

Eleanor of Aquitaine    

W.W.Kibler (ed.), Eleanor of Aquitaine: patron and politician.  
	London, 1977.
F. Chambers, "Some legends concerning Eleanor of Aquitaine', 
	Speculum 16 (1941), pp. 459-468. 
A.Kelly, 'Eleanor of Aquitaine and her courts of love', Speculum 12 
(1937), pp.3-19.
Eleanor of Aquitaine and the four kings.  Cambridge, Mass., 
1950.
J.H.M.McCash, 'Marie de Champagne and Eleanor of Aquitaine', 
Speculum 54 (1979), pp. 698-711.
R. Pernoud, Eleanor of Aquitaine. New York, 1968.
D.Seward, Eleanor of Aquitaine.  New York, 1979.
C.Walker, 'Eleanor of Aquitaine and the disaster at Cadmos Mountain 
on the Second Crusade', American Historical Review  55 (1949-
50), pp.857-861.

Joan of Arc

R.Pernoud, Joan of Arc.  New York, 1961.
The retrial of Joan of Arc.  London, 1955.
J.H.Smith, Joan of Arc.  New York, 1973.
M.Warner, Joan of Arc, the image of female heroism.  Penguin, 1981.
C.T.Wood, 'Joan of Arc', in his Joan of Arc and Richard III 
(Oxford, 1988), pp. 125-151.

Others

J.J.Bagley, Margaret of Anjou, queen of England.  London, 1948.
C. Barron  and A.F.Sutton (ed.) Medieval London Widows, 1300-1500. 
	London, 1994. (Includes many essays on individual women)
M. Chibnall, Matilda, lady of the English.
B.C.Hardy,  Philippa of Hainault and her times.  London, 1910.
M.K. Jones and M.G. Underwood, The king's mother:lady Margaret 
	Beaufort, countess of Richmond and Derby.  Cambridge, 1991.
N. Pain, Empress Matilda: uncrowned queen of England.  London, 
	1978.
C. Weightman, Margaret of York, duchess of Burgundy, 1446-1503.
	Stroud, 1989.