English Literature GRE Study Guide
Introduction Print Resources Practice Exams Online Resources Who Made This Page?
General
Author Index
Literary Terms
Literary Theory
World Literature
Grammar
Time Periods
1. Middle Ages
2. 16th Century
3. Early 17th Century
4. Restoration
5. 18th C: Pope & Swift
6. 18th C: Enlightenment

7. Early Romantic

8. Middle Romantic
9. Late Romantic
10. Early British Victorian
11.Transcendentalism
12. Realism
13. British Modernism
14. American Modernism
15. British Postmodernism
16. Amer. Postmodernism

 

Middle Ages: Geoffrey Chaucer

Chaucer appears very commonly on the GRE. You should be able to recognize (and know the plot and characters) for both The Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde. You should be able to recognize Middle English and distinguish it from Old English. In addition to recognizing the plot and characters, you should know that Troilus and Criseyde is written in rhyme royal and retells a very minor episode from the Iliad.

Chaucer Quotes
  • Modernized Version (Online-Literature):

    WHEN that Aprilis, with his showers swoot*, (*sweet)
    The drought of March hath pierced to the root,
    And bathed every vein in such licour,
    Of which virtue engender'd is the flower;
    When Zephyrus eke with his swoote breath
    Inspired hath in every holt* and heath (*grove, forest)
    The tender croppes* and the younge sun (*twigs, boughs)
    Hath in the Ram his halfe course y-run,
    And smalle fowles make melody,
    That sleepen all the night with open eye,
    (So pricketh them nature in their corages*); [*hearts, inclinations]
    Then longe folk to go on pilgrimages,
    And palmers for to seeke strange strands,
    To *ferne hallows couth* in sundry lands; (*distant saints known*)
    And specially, from every shire's end
    Of Engleland, to Canterbury they wend,
    The holy blissful Martyr for to seek,
    That them hath holpen*, when that they were sick. (*helped)

  • (Prologue)

  • Middle English Version

    Whan that Aprill, with his shoures soote
    The droghte of March hath perced to the roote
    And bathed every veyne in swich licour,
    Of which vertu engendred is the flour;
    Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth
    Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
    The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
    Hath in the Ram his halfe cours yronne,
    And smale foweles maken melodye,
    That slepen al the nyght with open eye-
    (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);
    Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages
    And palmeres for to seken straunge strondes
    To ferne halwes, kowthe in sondry londes;
    And specially from every shires ende
    Of Engelond, to Caunterbury they wende,
    The hooly blisful martir for to seke
    That hem hath holpen, whan that they were seeke.

  • (Prologue)
   

©2006 Laura Arnold LeibmanDept. of EnglishReed College IntroductionPrint ResourcesPractice ExamsOnline ResourcesWho Made This Page?