Mirrors for Princes, Princesses, and Citizens

Political Science 391

1993


Prospectus

This course will examine the literature written for the instruction, edification, and training of future rulers known generally as "Mirror of Princes." It will examine various versions of this sort of literature written for princes, princes, courtiers, and leading citizens of republics. The questions to be considered are: how is personal power conceptualized? What range of virtues and vices is it said to include? What sorts of techniques are prescribed for the regulation and maximization of personal power? How is the exercise of these techniques understood? To what extent is this a useful optic on modern forms of power?

As this is an advanced course in political theory, students must feel comfortable with the analytical reading of texts. Historical background will be especially relevant and students should have some prior knowledge of Medieval, Renaissance, and Early Modern European history. Humanities 210 satisfies these requirements.

Requirements

I expect faithful attendance and conference participation. As this is a small class, completing the reading will be especially important. The course has a major final paper, however emphasis will be placed on excellence in drafting, outlining and researching - not merely the final product. This course will emphasize mastery of research skills for writing good papers. I expect regular use of my office hours and there will be mandatory draft conferences during the semester.

Readings

Introduction

Shklar, Ordinary Vices

Traditional Mirrors for Princes

Seneca, On Anger

Cicero, On Duties

Machiavelli, The Discourses, Book III

Machiavelli, The Prince

Erasmus, Education of the Christian Prince

Theoretical Interlude

David Hebdige, Subculture

Stephen Greenblatt, Renaissance Self-Fashioning
Stephen Grenblatt, Shakespearan Negotiations

Norbert Elias, The Court Society and The Civilizing Process

More Ancient Mirrors: Princesses, Tyrants and Sultans

Christine of Pisan, The Treasure of the City of Ladies

Joan Kelly, "Did Women Have a Renaissance?" from Women, History and Theory

Jean Beth Elshtain, "Eleanor Roosevelt" from Power Trips

Isocrates, Helen

Pat Heim, Hardball for Women

Xenophon, Heiro

Qabus, The Mirror for Princes or the Qabusnameh

Nizam al-Mulk, The Book of Government

Mirrors for Citizens

Richard Neutstadt, Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents, pp. 1-128

Richard Neutstadt, Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents, pp. 128-319

Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays and Lectures

• From Representative Men: "The Uses of Great Men" and "Napoleon" (pp. 615-633; 727-745)
• From Addresses: "Man the Reformer" (pp. 135-150)
• From Essays I: "Prudence" and "Heroism" (pp. 355-382)

Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays and Lectures

• From Essays II: "Character," "Manners," and "Politics" (pp. 493-532, 557-572)
• From The Conduct of Life, "Fate," "Power," "Culture" and "Behavior" (pp. 941-986; 1012-1034)

Albert Hirschman, The Passions and the Interests, pp. 3-115

Gottfried Leibniz, The Portrait of a Prince, pp. 85-102.

Samuel Pufendrof, On the Duty of Man and Citizen

St. Ignatius of Loyola, Spiritual Exercises

Roland Barthes, A Lover's Discourse

Principal Texts in the MOP Tradition

+ means that it is available at the bookstore
* means that it is on reserve

Graeco-Roman Texts

+Cicero, On Duties
Isocrates, To Nicocles, Nicocles or the Cyprians, Evagoras, Helen
Philostratus, Appolonius of Tyana
+Seneca, On Anger, On Clemency , and Letters (in Moral Essays)
*Suetonius, Lives of the Twelve Caesars
Tacitus, Annals
*Xenophon, Cyropedia, Agesilaus,and Heiro (in Scripta Minora)

Islamic Medieval Texts

*al-Ghazali, Counsel to Princes
Alfarabi, Aphorisms of a Statesman
Hajib, Yusuf Khass. Wisdom of Royal Glory: A Turkish Islamic Mirror of Princes
Ibn Muqaffa, Kalila and Dimna
*Kay Kavus ibn Qabus, Qabusnameh or The Mirror for Princes
Meisami, Sea of Precious Virtues
*Nizam ul-Mulk, The Mirror of Princes
Sultana Alvi, Sajida, Advice on the Art of Governing: An Indo-Islamic Mirror for Princes

Byzantine Medieval Texts

Cecaumenos, Strategicon
*Comnena, Anna Alexiad
Eusebius, Life of Origen
*Procopius, Secret History
*Psellus, Michael Chronographia

Western Medieval Texts

Anonymous, The King's Mirror
*Aquinas, On Kingship
Dhouda, Handbook for William: A Carolingian Woman's Counsel for Her Son.
*John of Salisbury, Policraticus
Sedulius Scottus, On Christian Rulers

Renaissance

*Castiglione, The Book of the Courtier
+Christine of Pisan, Treasure of the City of Ladies and Book of the Body Politic
*Elyot, The Book Named the Governor
*Erasmus, The Education of the Christian Prince
+Machiavelli, The Prince and The Discourses, Book III
Patrizi, The Kingdom and Education of the Prince

Reformation and Counter-Reformation

Botero, Reason of State or Practical Politics
Della Casa, Giovanni, Galateo or Book of Manners
+Ignatius of Loyola, Spiritual Exercises
Lipsius, On Constancy, Six Books on Civil and Political Doctrine, Political Examples and Advice
*Ribadaneyra, Religion and the Christian Ruler

Early Modern

*De Boetie, Anti-Dictator
Fenelon, Adventures of Telemachus
Frederick of Prussia, Anti-Machiavell
James the I and VI, Basilicon Doron or A King's Gift
*Leibniz, Portrait of a Prince
+Pufendorf, On the Duties of Man and the Citizen

Modern

Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People
*Emerson, Essays, Representative Men, and The Conduct of Life
Matthews, Christopher Hardball: How Politics Is Played by One Who Knows the Game
More, Hannah, Hints Towards Forming the Character of a Young Princess

Supplementary Readings

*Barthes, A Lover's Discourse
Birely, The Counter-Reformation Prince
*Canetti, Crowds and Power
*Elias, The Civilizing Process and The Court Society
Elshtain, Power Trips and Other Essays
*Ferguson, ed. First Feminists
*Foucault, Discipline and Punish
Greenblatt, Renaissance Self-Fashioning
+Hebdige, Subculture
+Hirschman, The Passions and the Interests
Huber, R. The American Idea of Success
Kelso, R. Doctrine of the Lady during the Renaissance
Metcalf, Moral Conduct and Authority
+Neustadt, Presidential Power and Modern Presidents
Nicholson, Harold Good Behavior
+Shklar, Ordinary Vices
Strauss, L. On Tyranny
Tatum, Xenophon's Imperial Fiction
Taylor, Charles, Sources of the Self
*Wilson, James Q. On Character
Zagorin, Ways of Lying