Psy
325:
Stereotyping & Prejudice
Kathy Oleson
Reed College
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Course Schedule &
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Monday, 8/28 COURSE OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION
Wednesday, 8/30 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES IN STEREOTYPING/PREJUDICE
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ON RESERVE: Allport, G. W. (1958). The nature of prejudice. Chapter
10 (pp. 161 - 173). NY: Doubleday Anchor Books. Call # BF575.P9 A44
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Fiske, S. T. (2000). Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination
at the seam between the centuries: Evolution, culture, mind, and brain.
European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 299-322.
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ON RESERVE: Sartre, J. P. (1946/1948). Anti-Semite and Jew. Chap.
1 (pp. 7 - 34). Call # DS145 .S272 1965
Friday, 9/1 DEFINITIONS, RESEARCH VALUES, ASSUMPTIONS, AGENDAS
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Introduction to the study of stereotyping
and prejudice (Chapter 1: pp. 1 - 25). The psychology of prejudice,
Second Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Phinney, J.S. (1996). When we talk about American ethnic groups,
what do we mean? American Psychologist, 51 (9) 918-927.
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ON RESERVE IN PSYCHOLOGY LOUNGE: Documentary VIDEO (56 minutes).
Race: The power of an illusion: The difference between us. California
Newsreel (2003).
Each of you will sign up to read one of the following short articles
and review in class. They are on e-reserve.
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Herek, G.M., Kimmel, D.C., Amaro, H., & Melton, G.B. (1991).
Avoiding heterosexist bias in psychological research. American Psychologist,
46, 957-963.
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Sue, S. (1999). Science, ethnicity and bias – Where have we
gone wrong? American Psychologist, 54 (12), 1070-1077.
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Gill, C. (2002). Transforming psychological practice and society:
Policies that reflect the new [disability studies] paradigm. American
Psychologist, 58(4), 305-312.
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Lott, B. (2002). Cognitive and behavioral distancing from the poor.
American Psychologist, 57 (2), 100-110.
Monday, 9/4 HAPPY LABOR DAY – NO CLASS
Wednesday, 9/6 CATEGORICAL BASES OF STEREOTYPES
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Origin and maintenance of stereotypes
and prejudice. (Part of chapter 2: pp. 26 – 32). The psychology
of prejudice, Second Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9
N45 2005
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Stangor, C., Lynch, L., Duan, C., & Glass, B. (1992). Categorization
of individuals on the basis of multiple social features. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 207 - 218.
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Maddox, K. B., & Gray, S. A. (2002). Cognitive representations
of Black Americans: Reexploring the role of skin tone. Personality
and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 250 – 259.
Friday, 9/8 STEREOTYPE ORIGINS: CONSENSUS AND TRANSMISSION
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Origin and maintenance of stereotypes
and prejudice. (Part of chapter 2: pp. 32 – 38). The psychology
of prejudice, Second Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9
N45 2005
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ON RESERVE: Schaller, M., & Conway, L. (1998). From cognition
to culture: The origins of stereotypes that really matter. In G. Moscowitz
(Ed.), Cognitive social psychology: The Princeton Symposium on the
legacy and future of social cognition (pp.163-176). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
HM1041 .P75 1998
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ON RESERVE: Ruscher, J.B. (2001). The news media. Chapter 6: pp.137-165.
Prejudiced communication. NY: Guilford Press. BF575.P9 R87 2001
Monday, 9/11 STEREOTYPE MEASUREMENT
Discuss Research Project Topics
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Measures of stereotyping and prejudice
(Part of chapter 5: pp. 120-126). The psychology of prejudice, Second
Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Devine, P.G., & Elliot, A.J. (1995). Are racial stereotypes really
fading? The Princeton Trilogy Revisited. Personality and Social Psychology,
21, 1139-1150.
Wednesday, 9/13 STEREOTYPE ACCURACY
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ON RESERVE: Ottati, V. & Lee, Y. (1995). Accuracy: A neglected
component of stereotype. In Y.Lee, L.J. Jussim, & C.R. McCauley
(Eds.), Stereotype accuracy: Toward appreciating group differences
(pp. 29-59). Washington, DC: APA. Call # BF323.S63 S73 1995
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ON RESERVE: Stangor, C. (1995). Content and application inaccuracy
in social stereotyping. In Y.Lee, L.J. Jussim, & C.R. McCauley
(Eds.), Stereotype accuracy: Toward appreciating group differences
(pp. 293-312). Washington, DC: APA.
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ON RESERVE: Judd, C. M. & Park, B. (2005). Group differences
and stereotype accuracy. In J. F. Dovidio, P. Glick, & L. A. Rudman
(Eds.) On the nature of prejudice: Fifty years after Allport. (pp.
123 – 138) Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. Call # BF575.P9
O62 2005
Friday, 9/15 NO CLASS – KATHY AT RACE & PEDAGOGY CONFERENCE
** “A” Journal due – #1 of 2 **
Monday, 9/18 STEREOTYPE FUNCTIONS, IDEOLOGIES, AND INTERGROUP
RELATIONS
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Jost, J. T., & Hunyady, O. (2005). Antecedents and consequences
of system-justifying ideologies. Current directions in psychological
science, 14(5), 260 – 265.
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ON RESERVE: Herek, G.M. (1992). Psychological heterosexism and anti-gay
violence: The social psychology of bigotry and bashing (pp. 149-165)
AND The social context of hate crimes (pp. 89-101). In G.M. Herek
& K.T., Berrill, K.T. (Eds.), Hate Crimes: Confronting violence
against lesbians and gay men. Newbury Park: Sage. Call # HV6250.4.H66
H38 1992
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ON RESERVE: Glick, P., & Fiske, S.T. (2001). Ambivalent stereotypes
as legitimizing ideologies: Differentiating paternalistic and envious
prejudice. In J. Jost & B. Major (Eds.), The psychology of legitimacy
(pp. 278-306). Cambridge: Cambridge Press.
Call # HM821 .P75 2001
Wednesday, 9/20 RACISM: AVERSIVE AND SYMBOLIC-MODERN
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Dovidio, J.F., & Gartner, S.L. (2000). Aversive racism and selection
decisions: 1989 and 1999. Psychological Science, 11 (4), 315-319.
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Nail, P., Harton, H., & Decker, B. (2003). Political orientation
and modern versus aversive racism: Tests of Dovidio and Gaertner’s
(1998) integrated model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
84, 754 – 770.
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Steckler, M. T. (2006). Excerpts from senior thesis.
Friday, 9/22 IMPLICIT STEREOTYPING AND PREJUDICE 1
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Implicit stereotyping … (Part
of chapter 3: pp. 69 – 79; AND Measuring prejudice … (Part
of chapter 5: pp. 126-131). The psychology of prejudice, Second Edition.
Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Take the online IAT to measure one of your implicit attitudes: https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/demo/
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Ashburn-Nardo, L., Voils, C.I., & Monteith, M.J. (2001). Implicit
associations as the seeds of intergroup bias: How easily do they take
root? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(5), 789-799.
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Kawakami, K. & Dovidio, J. F. (2001). The reliability of implicit
stereotyping. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27 (2),
212 – 225.
Monday,9/25 IMPLICIT STEREOTYPING AND PREJUDICE 2
** “B” Journal due – #1 of 2 **
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Eberhardt, J. L. (2005). Imaging race. American Psychologist, 60,
181 – 190.
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Peruche, B. M., & Plant, E. A. (2006). The correlates of law
enforcement officers’ automatic and controlled race-based responses
to criminal suspects. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 28, 193
– 199.
Wednesday, 9/27 SOCIAL IDENTITY AND INTERGROUP RELATIONS
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Do the minimal groups demo ONLINE: Click on the following link, then
scroll down to SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY, and before reading the text
on the page, CLICK on the orange “Learning Activity: Click here
to open Impressions and Expressions.” http://www.ablongman.com/html/mindmatters2/html/m12-2/social2_11.html
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Origin and maintenance of prejudice.
(Part of chapter 2: pp. 46-55). The psychology of prejudice, Second
Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Jones, J.M. (1997). Prejudice and racism, 2nd Edition (pp. 214-219).
NY: McGraw-Hill.
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ON RESERVE: Smith, E. (1993). Social identity and social emotions:
Toward new conceptualizations of prejudice. In D. M. Mackie &
D.L. Hamilton (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and stereotyping. Interactive
processes in group perception (pp. 297-315). NY: Academic Press. Call
# BF311 .A32 1993
Friday, 9/29 STEREOTYPES AS STANDARDS OF JUDGMENT
Term Paper: Written Statement of Topic Due
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Biernat, M. Crandall, C. S., Young, L. V., Kobrynowicz, D., &
Halpin, S. M. (1998). All that you can be: Stereotyping of self and
others in a military context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
75, 301 - 317.
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Vescio, T. K., & Biernat, M. (2002). She swings, she hits, she’s
great, she’s benched: Implications of gender-based shifting
standards for judgment and behavior. Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 28 (1), 66 – 77.
Monday, 10/2 MOTIVATIONAL & ATTRIBUTIONAL BIASES
** “A” Journal due – #2 of 2 **
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Origin and maintenance of stereotypes
(Part of chapter 2: pp. 38-46). The psychology of prejudice, Second
Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Kunda, Z., & Sinclair, L. (1999). Motivated reasoning with stereotypes:
Activation, application and inhibition. Psychological Inquiry, 10,
12-22.
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Seta, J. J., Seta, C. E., & McElroy, T. (2003). Attributional
biases in the service of stereotype maintenance: A schema-maintenance
through compensation analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
29 (2), 151 – 163.
Wednesday, 10/4 COPING WITH STEREOTYPE-INCONSISTENCY
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Wigboldus, D. H. J. , & Dijksterhuis, A., & van Knippenberg,
A. (2003). When stereotypes get in the way: Stereotypes obstruct stereotype-inconsistent
trait inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84,
470 – 484.
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Sherman, J. W., Stroessner, S. J. , Conrey, F. R., & Azam, O.
A. (2005). Prejudice and stereotype maintenance processes: Attention,
attribution, and individuation. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 89 (4), 607 – 622.
Friday, 10/6 STEREOTYPE CONFIRMATION: BEHAVIORAL CONSISTENCY
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Chen, M. & Bargh, J. A. (1997). Nonconscious behavioral confirmation
processes: The self-fulfilling consequences of automatic stereotype
activation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 541 - 560.
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ON RESERVE: Klein, O., & Snyder, M. (2003). Stereotypes and behavioral
confirmation: From interpersonal to intergroup perspectives. In M.
P. Zanna, (Ed.) Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 35,
only pp. 153 – 177). New York: Academic Press. Call # HM251
.A35 v.35
**Research Groups will each meet with Kathy outside of class during
week 6. Will be arranged. **
Sat, 10/7 or Sun. 10/8 THE EFFECT OF AFFECT ON STEREOTYPING:
MEETING WITH DELL’S CLASS AT DELL’S HOUSE
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DeSteno, D. et al. (2004). Prejudice from thin air: The effect of
emotion on automatic intergroup attitude. Psychological Science, 15(5),
319-324.
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Bodenhausen, G.V., Sheppard, L.A. & Kramer, G.P. (1994). Negative
affect and social judgment: the differential impact of anger and sadness.
European Journal of Social Psychology, 24(1), 45-62.
- Keltner, D., Ellsworth, P & Edwards, K. (1993). Beyond simple
pessimism: Effects of sadness and anger on social perception. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 740-752.
Monday, 10/9 INTERGROUP ANXIETY & INTERACTION
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Plant, E. A. (2004.) Responses to interracial interactions over time.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30 (11), 1458 –
1471.
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Shelton, J. N., Richeson, J. A., & Salvatore, J. (2005). Expecting
to be the target of prejudice: Implications for interethnic interactions.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31 (9), 1189 – 1202.
Wednesday, 10/11 NO CLASS – KATHY AT SESP CONFERENCE
** “B” Journal due – #2 of 2 **
Friday, 10/13 NO CLASS – KATHY AT SESP CONFERENCE
FALL BREAK: OCTOBER 15 - 23
Monday, 10/23 DISCRIMINATION & INSTITUTIONALIZED DISPARITIES
1
Term Paper: Annotated Bibliography & Research Question
Due
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Cuddy, A.J. C., Fiske, S. T. & Glick, P. (2004). When professionals
become mothers, warmth doesn’t cut the ice. Journal of Social
Issues, 60, 701 – 718.
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Crandell, C.S. (1995). Do parents discriminate against their heavyweight
daughters? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(7), 724-735.
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The Wage Gap: Q & A on pay equity from the National Committee
on Pay Equity.
Wednesday, 10/25 DISCRIMINATION & INSTITUTIONALIZED DISPARITIES
2
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ON RESERVE: Sidanius, J., Levin, S., & Pratto, F. (1998). Hierarchical
group relations, institutional terror, and the dynamics of the criminal
justice system. In J.L. Eberhardt & S.T. Fiske (Eds.), Confronting
racism: The problem and the response (pp. 136-165). London: Sage.
Call # E185.615 .C658 1998
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Eberhardt, J. L., Davies, P. G., Purdie-Vaughns, V. J., & Johnson,
S. L. (2006). Looking deathworthy: Perceived stereotypicality of black
defendants predicts capital-sentencing outcomes. Psychological Science,
17 (5), 383 – 386.
Friday, 10/27 RESEARCH GROUPS MEET
Monday, 10/30 EXPERIENCING PREJUDICE: THE TARGET’S
PERSPECTIVE
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Experiencing prejudice (Chapter
6: pp. 134 – 135 AND pp. 145 - 148). The psychology of prejudice,
Second Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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ON RESERVE: Graham, L. O. (1995). Invisible man: Why this Harvard-trained
lawyer went undercover as a busboy at an all-white Connecticut country
club. In L.O. Graham. Member of the club: Reflections on life in a
racially polarized world (pp. 1 - 26). Harper. Call # E185.615 .G67
1996
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Weeber, J.E. (Winter, 1999). What could I know of racism? Journal
of Counseling and Development, 77, 20-23.
Wednesday,11/1 COPING WITH STIGMA: SELF-PROTECTIVE POSSIBILITIES
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Major, B., Kaiser, C. R., McCoy, S. K. (2003). It’s not my
fault: When and why attributions to prejudice protect self-esteem.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29 (6), 772 – 781.
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Hansen, N. & Sassenberg, K. (2006). Does social identification
harm or serve as a buffer? The impact of social identification on
anger after experiencing social discrimination. Personality and Social
Psychology Bulletin, 32, 983 – 996.
Friday, 11/3 RESEARCH GROUPS MEET
Monday, 11/6 COPING WITH STIGMA: DISIDENTIFICATION &
INTERNALIZATION
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ON RESERVE: Major, B., & Schmader, T. (1998). Coping with stigma
through psychological disengagement. In J. K. Swim & C. Stangor
(Eds.), Prejudice: The target’s perspective (pp. 219-241). NY:
Academic Press. Call # BF575.P9 P74 1998
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Fredrickson, B.L., Roberts, T., Noll, S.M., Quinn, D.M., & Twenge,
J.M. (1998). That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification,
restrained eating, and math performance. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 75, 269-284.
Wednesday 11/8 OUTCOMES OF STIGMA FOR TARGETS & NON-TARGETS:
STEREOTYPE THREAT & STEREOTYPE BOOSTS
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Experiencing prejudice (Chapter
6: pp. 136 - 145). The psychology of prejudice, Second Edition. Boston:
Allyn & Bacon.
Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Lesko, A. C. & Corpus, J. H. (2006). Discounting the difficult:
How high math-identified women respond to stereotype threat. Sex Roles,
54, 113 – 125.
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Shih, M., Ambady, N., Richeson, J. A., Fujita, K., & Heather,
G. (2002). Stereotype performance boosts: The impact of self-relevance
and the manner of stereotype activation. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 83, 638 – 647.
Friday, 11/10 INTEGRATING TARGET EFFECTS: PSYCHOLOGY OF
LEGITIMACY
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). The prejudiced personality: Social
dominance orientation (Part of chapter 4: pp. 103-108). The psychology
of prejudice, Second Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Call # BF575.P9
N45 2005
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ON RESERVE: Jost, J.T., Burgess, D., & Mosso, C.O. (2001). Conflicts
of legitimation among self, group, and system: The integrative potential
of system justification theory. In J. Jost & B. Major (Eds.),
The psychology of legitimacy (pp. 363-388). Cambridge, England: Cambridge
University Press. Call # HM821 .P75 2001
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ON RESERVE: Ellemers, N. (2001). Individual upward mobility and the
perceived legitimacy of intergroup relations. In J. Jost & B.
Major (Eds.), The psychology of legitimacy (pp. 205-222). Cambridge,
England: Cambridge University Press.
Monday, 11/13 INTERGROUP CONTACT TO IMPROVE INTERGROUP
RELATIONS
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ON RESERVE: Nelson, T. D. (2005). Reducing prejudice (Chapter 9:
pp. 240-262). The psychology of prejudice, Second Edition. Boston:
Allyn & Bacon.
Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L., & Kawakami, K. (2003). Intergroup
contact: The past, present, and the future. Group Processes and Intergroup
Relations, 6 (1), 5 – 21.
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Vescio, T. K., Sechrist, G. B., & Paolucci, M. P. (2003). Perspective
taking and prejudice reduction: The mediational role of empathy arousal
and situational attributions. European Journal of Social Psychology,
33 (4), 455 – 472.
Wednesday, 11/15 COMMON IN-GROUP IDENTITY / RECATEGORIZATION
TERM PAPER: FIRST VERSION DUE. IT WILL BE DISTRIBUTED TO
PEER EDITORS.
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ON RESERVE: Anastasio, P., Bachmann, B., Gaertner, S., & Dovidio,
J. F. (1997). Categorization, recategorization, and common ingroup
identity. In R. Spears, P. J. Oakes, N. Ellemers, & S. A. Haslam
(Eds.) The social psychology of stereotyping and group life. Cambridge,
MA: Blackwell Publishers, Ltd. Call # HM251 .S6753 1997
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Nier, J. A., Gaertner, S. L., Dovidio, J. F., Banker, B. S., Ward,
C. M., & Rust, M. C. (2001). Changing interracial evaluations
and behavior: The effects of a common group identity. Group Processes
and Intergroup Relations, 4, 299 – 316.
Friday, 11/17 CROSSED-CATEGORIZATION ON INTERGROUP ATTITUDES
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Files, J. S., & Oleson, K. C. (2006). Developing and reducing
in-group bias in children:
The effects of simple and crossed-categorization. Manuscript submitted
for publication.
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Crisp, R. J., Hewstone, M., & Rubin, M. (2001). Does multiple
categorization reduce intergroup bias? Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 27 (1), 76 – 89.
Monday, 11/20 BREAKING THE PREJUDICE HABIT – EFFORTFUL
SUPPRESSION
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Nelson, T. D. (2005). Stereotype suppression … (Part of chapter
3: pp. 79 – 85). The psychology of prejudice, Second Edition.
Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Call # BF575.P9 N45 2005
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Kawakami, K., Dovidio, J.F., Moll, J. Hermsen, S., & Russin,
A. (2000). Just say no (to stereotyping): Effects of training in the
negation of stereotypic associations on stereotype activation. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 871-888.
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Monteith, M. J., Ashburn-Nardo, L., Voils, C. I., & Czopp, A.
M. (2002). Putting the brakes on prejudice: On the development and
operation of cues for control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
83, 1029 – 1050.
Wednesday, 11/22 RESEARCH GROUPS WORKING ON DATA COLLECTION
Friday, 11/24 HAPPY THANKSGIVING
Monday, 11/27 LIMITS TO SELF REGULATION/SUPPRESSION
Term Paper: Peer Comments Completed
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Bargh, J. (1999). The cognitive monster: The case against the controllability
of automatic stereotype effects. In S. Chaiken & Y. Trope (Eds.)
Dual-process theories in social psychology (pp. 361 - 368; 375 - 378).
NY: Guilford Press.
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Gordijn, E. H., Hindriks, I., Koomen, W., Dijksterjuis, A., &
van Kippenberg, A. (2004). Consequences of stereotype suppression
and internal suppression motivation: A self-regulation approach. Personality
and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30 (2), 212 – 224.
Wednesday, 11/29 CHANGING STEREOTYPES THROUGH SOCIAL INTERACTION
1
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ON RESERVE: Rothbart, M. & Park, B. (2004). The mental representation
of social categories: Category boundaries, entitativity, and stereotype
change. In V. Yzerbyt, C. M. Judd, & O. Corneille (Eds.) The psychology
of group perception; Perceived variability, entitativity, and essentialism
(pp. 79 – 100). New York: Psychology Press. Call # HM716 .P79
2004
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Bless, H., Schwarz, N., Bodenhausen, G. V., & Thiel, L. (2001).
Personalized versus generalized benefits of stereotype disconfirmation:
Trade-offs in the evaluation of atypical exemplars and their social
groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 386 –
397.
Friday, 12/1 CHANGING STEREOTYPES THROUGH SOCIAL INTERACTION
2
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Yzerbyt, V. Y., Coull, A., & Rocher, S. J. (1999). Fencing off
the deviant: The role of cognitive resources in the maintenance of
stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 449
– 462.
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Weisz, C., & Oleson, K. C. (May, 2001). Explaining away stereotypes:
The role of explanation in stereotype change. Paper presented at the
81ST Annual Meeting of the Western Psychological Association, Maui,
Hawaii.
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Wolsko, C., Park, B., Judd, C. M., & Bachelor, J. (2003). Intergroup
contact: Effects on group evaluations and perceived variability. Group
Processes & Intergroup Relations, 6(1), 93 – 110.
Monday, 12/4 PRESENTATIONS
Wednesday 12/6 PRESENTATIONS
FINALS WEEK
Monday, Dec. 11 TERM PAPER: FINAL VERSION OF TERM PAPER
DUE
Wednesday, Dec. 13 GROUP RESEARCH PAPER DUE |